Nehemiah 4:16

Authorized King James Version

PDF

And it came to pass from that time forth, that the half of my servants wrought in the work, and the other half of them held both the spears, the shields, and the bows, and the habergeons; and the rulers were behind all the house of Judah.

Original Language Analysis

וַיְהִ֣י׀ H1961
וַיְהִ֣י׀
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 1 of 19
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
מִן H4480
מִן
Strong's: H4480
Word #: 2 of 19
properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
הַיּ֣וֹם And it came to pass from that time H3117
הַיּ֣וֹם And it came to pass from that time
Strong's: H3117
Word #: 3 of 19
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
הַה֗וּא H1931
הַה֗וּא
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 4 of 19
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
וְחֶצְיָ֗ם and the other half H2677
וְחֶצְיָ֗ם and the other half
Strong's: H2677
Word #: 5 of 19
the half or middle
נְעָרַי֮ of my servants H5288
נְעָרַי֮ of my servants
Strong's: H5288
Word #: 6 of 19
(concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a servant; also (by interch. of sex), a girl (of similar latit
עֹשִׂ֣ים wrought H6213
עֹשִׂ֣ים wrought
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 7 of 19
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
בַּמְּלָאכָה֒ in the work H4399
בַּמְּלָאכָה֒ in the work
Strong's: H4399
Word #: 8 of 19
properly, deputyship, i.e., ministry; generally, employment (never servile) or work (abstractly or concretely); also property (as the result of labor)
וְחֶצְיָ֗ם and the other half H2677
וְחֶצְיָ֗ם and the other half
Strong's: H2677
Word #: 9 of 19
the half or middle
מַֽחֲזִיקִים֙ of them held H2388
מַֽחֲזִיקִים֙ of them held
Strong's: H2388
Word #: 10 of 19
to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong (figuratively, courageous, causatively strengthen, cure, help, repair, fortify), obstinate; to bind, restra
וְהָֽרְמָחִ֣ים both the spears H7420
וְהָֽרְמָחִ֣ים both the spears
Strong's: H7420
Word #: 11 of 19
a lance (as thrown); especially the iron point
הַמָּֽגִנִּ֔ים the shields H4043
הַמָּֽגִנִּ֔ים the shields
Strong's: H4043
Word #: 12 of 19
a shield (i.e., the small one or buckler); figuratively, a protector; also the scaly hide of the crocodile
וְהַקְּשָׁת֖וֹת and the bows H7198
וְהַקְּשָׁת֖וֹת and the bows
Strong's: H7198
Word #: 13 of 19
a bow, for shooting (hence, figuratively, strength) or the iris
וְהַשִּׁרְיֹנִ֑ים and the habergeons H8302
וְהַשִּׁרְיֹנִ֑ים and the habergeons
Strong's: H8302
Word #: 14 of 19
a corslet (as if twisted)
וְהַ֨שָּׂרִ֔ים and the rulers H8269
וְהַ֨שָּׂרִ֔ים and the rulers
Strong's: H8269
Word #: 15 of 19
a head person (of any rank or class)
אַֽחֲרֵ֖י were behind H310
אַֽחֲרֵ֖י were behind
Strong's: H310
Word #: 16 of 19
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
כָּל H3605
כָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 17 of 19
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
בֵּ֥ית all the house H1004
בֵּ֥ית all the house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 18 of 19
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
יְהוּדָֽה׃ of Judah H3063
יְהוּדָֽה׃ of Judah
Strong's: H3063
Word #: 19 of 19
jehudah (or judah), the name of five israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory

Analysis & Commentary

And it came to pass from that time forth, that the half of my servants wrought in the work, and the other half of them held both the spears, the shields, and the bows, and the habergeons; and the rulers were behind all the house of Judah.

This verse within Nehemiah 4 addresses themes of opposition, perseverance, prayer and work, spiritual warfare. Opposition intensifies as the work progresses, requiring both spiritual response (prayer) and practical measures (armed defense). This passage demonstrates biblical principles applicable across both testaments—God's sovereignty combined with human responsibility, faith expressed through obedient action, and the necessity of both individual and corporate commitment to covenant faithfulness. Nehemiah models leadership that combines vision, prayer, courage, integrity, and perseverance amid sustained opposition.

Historical Context

Nehemiah's account occurs during Persian imperial dominance (539-331 BC), specifically 445-433 BC under Artaxerxes I. The 52-day wall completion represents remarkable achievement given opposition and limited resources. Excavations have confirmed portions of Nehemiah's wall and various gates mentioned in the text. The Persian period was crucial transitional time when Jewish identity shifted from monarchical nationalism to Torah-centered covenantal community. Without political independence, the people's cohesion depended on shared scripture, temple worship, and covenant obedience. This established patterns persisting through the Second Temple period into New Testament times. Understanding this context illuminates Jesus's ministry among a people shaped by these reforms and challenges.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

Bible Stories