Nehemiah 1:3

Authorized King James Version

And they said unto me, The remnant that are left of the captivity there in the province are in great affliction and reproach: the wall of Jerusalem also is broken down, and the gates thereof are burned with fire.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֮
And they said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
לִי֒
H0
#3
נִשְׁאֲר֤וּ
that are left
properly, to swell up, i.e., be (causatively, make) redundant
#4
אֲשֶֽׁר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#5
נִשְׁאֲר֤וּ
that are left
properly, to swell up, i.e., be (causatively, make) redundant
#6
מִן
properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
#7
הַשְּׁבִי֙
of the captivity
exiled; captured; as noun, exile (abstractly or concretely and collectively); by extension, booty
#8
שָׁ֣ם
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence
#9
בַּמְּדִינָ֔ה
there in the province
properly, a judgeship, i.e., jurisdiction; by implication, a district (as ruled by a judge); generally, a region
#10
בְּרָעָ֥ה
affliction
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
#11
גְדֹלָ֖ה
are in great
great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent
#12
וּבְחֶרְפָּ֑ה
and reproach
contumely, disgrace, the pudenda
#13
וְחוֹמַ֤ת
the wall
a wall of protection
#14
יְרֽוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙
of Jerusalem
jerushalaim or jerushalem, the capital city of palestine
#15
מְפֹרָ֔צֶת
also is broken down
to break out (in many applications, direct and indirect, literal and figurative)
#16
וּשְׁעָרֶ֖יהָ
and the gates
an opening, i.e., door or gate
#17
נִצְּת֥וּ
thereof are burned
to burn or set on fire; figuratively, to desolate
#18
בָאֵֽשׁ׃
with fire
fire (literally or figuratively)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection