Nahum 1:6

Authorized King James Version

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Who can stand before his indignation? and who can abide in the fierceness of his anger? his fury is poured out like fire, and the rocks are thrown down by him.

Original Language Analysis

לִפְנֵ֤י before H6440
לִפְנֵ֤י before
Strong's: H6440
Word #: 1 of 14
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
זַעְמוֹ֙ his indignation H2195
זַעְמוֹ֙ his indignation
Strong's: H2195
Word #: 2 of 14
strictly froth at the mouth, i.e., (figuratively) fury (especially of god's displeasure with sin)
מִ֣י H4310
מִ֣י
Strong's: H4310
Word #: 3 of 14
who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix
יַֽעֲמ֔וֹד Who can stand H5975
יַֽעֲמ֔וֹד Who can stand
Strong's: H5975
Word #: 4 of 14
to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive)
וּמִ֥י H4310
וּמִ֥י
Strong's: H4310
Word #: 5 of 14
who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix
יָק֖וּם and who can abide H6965
יָק֖וּם and who can abide
Strong's: H6965
Word #: 6 of 14
to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
בַּחֲר֣וֹן in the fierceness H2740
בַּחֲר֣וֹן in the fierceness
Strong's: H2740
Word #: 7 of 14
a burning of anger
אַפּ֑וֹ of his anger H639
אַפּ֑וֹ of his anger
Strong's: H639
Word #: 8 of 14
properly, the nose or nostril; hence, the face, and occasionally a person; also (from the rapid breathing in passion) ire
חֲמָתוֹ֙ his fury H2534
חֲמָתוֹ֙ his fury
Strong's: H2534
Word #: 9 of 14
heat; figuratively, anger, poison (from its fever)
נִתְּכָ֣ה is poured out H5413
נִתְּכָ֣ה is poured out
Strong's: H5413
Word #: 10 of 14
to flow forth (literally or figuratively); by implication, to liquify
כָאֵ֔שׁ like fire H784
כָאֵ֔שׁ like fire
Strong's: H784
Word #: 11 of 14
fire (literally or figuratively)
וְהַצֻּרִ֖ים and the rocks H6697
וְהַצֻּרִ֖ים and the rocks
Strong's: H6697
Word #: 12 of 14
properly, a cliff (or sharp rock, as compressed); generally, a rock or boulder; figuratively, a refuge; also an edge (as precipitous)
נִתְּצ֥וּ are thrown down H5422
נִתְּצ֥וּ are thrown down
Strong's: H5422
Word #: 13 of 14
to tear down
מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃ H4480
מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃
Strong's: H4480
Word #: 14 of 14
properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses

Analysis & Commentary

Two rhetorical questions escalate the terror of divine judgment: 'Who can stand before his indignation? and who can abide in the fierceness of his anger?' The Hebrew charah (burning anger) depicts fury like fire, while za'am (indignation) suggests righteous wrath against moral evil. The implied answer is: no one. When God rises in judgment, no human power can resist or endure. The imagery intensifies: 'his fury is poured out like fire, and the rocks are thrown down by him' (chamato nittekah ka'esh vehatzurim nittzu mimmennu). God's wrath isn't abstract disapproval but active, consuming judgment pictured as volcanic fire melting rocks. If solid rock—symbol of permanence and strength—dissolves before God's fury, how can Nineveh's walls and armies stand? This verse demolishes false security. Nineveh trusted in military might, fortified walls, and strategic location. Yet none of these offer protection when the Judge of all the earth acts. The only safety is found not in resisting God but in taking refuge in Him (verse 7). Those who oppose God will be consumed; those who trust Him will be protected.

Historical Context

Assyrian military power was legendary. Their armies had conquered from Egypt to Persia, from Anatolia to the Persian Gulf. Nineveh's walls were reportedly 50 feet thick and 100 feet high, supposedly wide enough for three chariots to ride abreast. The city seemed impregnable. Yet Nahum prophesies its utter destruction, and historical records confirm the prophecy. In 612 BC, Babylon and Media besieged Nineveh. According to ancient historians, flooding weakened the walls, enabling conquest. The city was burned and destroyed so completely that it became a byword for divine judgment. Archaeological excavations reveal massive destruction layers confirming the city's violent end. This historical fulfillment proves that no earthly power can resist God's decreed judgment, no matter how strong it appears.

Questions for Reflection