Micah 2:4

Authorized King James Version

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In that day shall one take up a parable against you, and lament with a doleful lamentation, and say, We be utterly spoiled: he hath changed the portion of my people: how hath he removed it from me! turning away he hath divided our fields.

Original Language Analysis

בַּיּ֨וֹם In that day H3117
בַּיּ֨וֹם In that day
Strong's: H3117
Word #: 1 of 20
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
הַה֜וּא H1931
הַה֜וּא
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 2 of 20
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
יִשָּׂ֧א shall one take up H5375
יִשָּׂ֧א shall one take up
Strong's: H5375
Word #: 3 of 20
to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
עֲלֵיכֶ֣ם H5921
עֲלֵיכֶ֣ם
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 4 of 20
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
מָשָׁ֗ל a parable H4912
מָשָׁ֗ל a parable
Strong's: H4912
Word #: 5 of 20
properly, a pithy maxim, usually of metaphorical nature; hence, a simile (as an adage, poem, discourse)
וְנָהָ֨ה against you and lament H5091
וְנָהָ֨ה against you and lament
Strong's: H5091
Word #: 6 of 20
to groan, i.e., bewail; hence (through the idea of crying aloud), to assemble (as if on proclamation)
נְהִ֤י lamentation H5092
נְהִ֤י lamentation
Strong's: H5092
Word #: 7 of 20
an elegy
נִֽהְיָה֙ with a doleful H5093
נִֽהְיָה֙ with a doleful
Strong's: H5093
Word #: 8 of 20
lamentation
אָמַר֙ and say H559
אָמַר֙ and say
Strong's: H559
Word #: 9 of 20
to say (used with great latitude)
נְשַׁדֻּ֔נוּ We be utterly H7703
נְשַׁדֻּ֔נוּ We be utterly
Strong's: H7703
Word #: 10 of 20
properly, to be burly, i.e., (figuratively) powerful (passively, impregnable); by implication, to ravage
נְשַׁדֻּ֔נוּ We be utterly H7703
נְשַׁדֻּ֔נוּ We be utterly
Strong's: H7703
Word #: 11 of 20
properly, to be burly, i.e., (figuratively) powerful (passively, impregnable); by implication, to ravage
חֵ֥לֶק the portion H2506
חֵ֥לֶק the portion
Strong's: H2506
Word #: 12 of 20
properly, smoothness (of the tongue)
עַמִּ֖י of my people H5971
עַמִּ֖י of my people
Strong's: H5971
Word #: 13 of 20
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
יָמִ֑יר he hath changed H4171
יָמִ֑יר he hath changed
Strong's: H4171
Word #: 14 of 20
to alter; by implication, to barter, to dispose of
אֵ֚יךְ H349
אֵ֚יךְ
Strong's: H349
Word #: 15 of 20
how? or how!; also where
יָמִ֣ישׁ how hath he removed H4185
יָמִ֣ישׁ how hath he removed
Strong's: H4185
Word #: 16 of 20
to withdraw (both literally and figuratively, whether intransitive or transitive)
לִ֔י H0
לִ֔י
Strong's: H0
Word #: 17 of 20
לְשׁוֹבֵ֥ב H7728
לְשׁוֹבֵ֥ב
Strong's: H7728
Word #: 18 of 20
apostate, i.e., heathenish or (actually) heathen
שָׂדֵ֖ינוּ our fields H7704
שָׂדֵ֖ינוּ our fields
Strong's: H7704
Word #: 19 of 20
a field (as flat)
יְחַלֵּֽק׃ he hath divided H2505
יְחַלֵּֽק׃ he hath divided
Strong's: H2505
Word #: 20 of 20
to be smooth (figuratively)

Analysis & Commentary

In that day shall one take up a parable against you, and lament with a doleful lamentation (בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא יִשָּׂא עֲלֵיכֶם מָשָׁל וְנָהָה נְהִי נִהְיָה, bayyom hahu yissa aleikhem mashal we-nahah nehi nihyah). "That day" (בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא, bayyom hahu) is judgment day. מָשָׁל (mashal, parable/proverb/taunt-song) indicates mocking poetry—enemies will compose songs ridiculing Israel's downfall. נָהָה (nahah, lament/wail) is repeated for emphasis—intense, bitter mourning.

And say, We be utterly spoiled: he hath changed the portion of my people (אָמַר שָׁדוֹד נְשַׁדֻּנוּ חֵלֶק עַמִּי יָמִיר, amar shadod neshadunu cheleq ammi yamir). שָׁדוֹד (shadod, utterly devastated) uses intensive reduplication—completely ruined. חֵלֶק (cheleq, portion/allotment) refers to inherited land, now יָמִיר (yamir, exchanged/changed)—transferred to conquerors. The oppressors who seized others' heritage now experience their own heritage seized—divine poetic justice.

How hath he removed it from me! turning away he hath divided our fields (אֵיךְ יָמִישׁ לִי לְשׁוֹבֵב שָׂדֵינוּ יְחַלֵּק, eykh yamish li le-shovev sadeinu yechaleq). אֵיךְ (eykh, how/alas) expresses shocked grief. שׁוֹבֵב (shovev, apostate/turncoat) may describe Israel's relationship with God or conquerors who divide fields among themselves. The oppressors who coveted and seized fields (v. 2) now watch helplessly as invaders divide their fields. Jesus's parable of the unmerciful servant illustrates similar justice (Matthew 18:23-35)—he who showed no mercy received none.

Historical Context

Taunt-songs against defeated enemies were common in ancient Near Eastern warfare. When Babylon fell, Israel sang: "How hath the oppressor ceased!" (Isaiah 14:4-21). Lamentations is extended mourning poetry over Jerusalem's fall. Psalm 137:1-3 describes Babylonian captors demanding celebratory songs from exiled Jews. Micah prophesies role reversal—those who oppressed will be taunted by their oppressors.

The redistribution of Israel's land to foreigners occurred repeatedly. Assyria resettled foreign populations in Samaria (2 Kings 17:24). Babylon deported Judah's elite and gave land to the poor (2 Kings 25:12; Jeremiah 39:10). Later, Romans destroyed Jerusalem (70 AD) and distributed land to veterans. Each fulfillment demonstrated God's justice: covenant-breakers lose covenant blessings, including the land itself. Yet prophecy also promises restoration (Jeremiah 30:3, 18; Ezekiel 36:24-28)—judgment isn't God's final word for repentant remnants.

Questions for Reflection