Matthew 9:1
And he entered into a ship, and passed over, and came into his own city.
Original Language Analysis
Cross References
Historical Context
Capernaum was a thriving fishing village on the northern shore of the Sea of Galilee, with a population of approximately 1,500. Archaeological evidence reveals a prosperous first-century town with a synagogue, residential areas, and commercial fishing operations. The town sat on the Via Maris trade route, making it strategically important. Jesus chose Capernaum rather than Jerusalem as His Galilean base, fulfilling Isaiah 9:1-2. Matthew, a tax collector, would have worked in Capernaum collecting customs. Peter, Andrew, James, and John also resided there. Despite extensive miracles performed there, Capernaum ultimately rejected Jesus, leading to its prophesied destruction.
Questions for Reflection
- What does Jesus' choice of Capernaum as His ministry base reveal about His mission strategy?
- How does Jesus' identification with a specific community challenge our understanding of incarnational ministry?
- Why would a town that witnessed so many miracles still reject Jesus ultimately?
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Analysis & Commentary
After healing the demon-possessed men in Gadara (8:28-34), Jesus returns to 'his own city' (την ιδιαν πολιν/tēn idian polin), referring to Capernaum. Though born in Bethlehem and raised in Nazareth, Capernaum became Jesus' ministry headquarters (4:13). The crossing by ship indicates the Sea of Galilee journey from Gentile territory back to Jewish Galilee. This transition sets up the healing of the paralytic (9:2-8), demonstrating Jesus' authority to forgive sins. The phrase 'his own city' emphasizes Jesus' true home is not merely geographical but relational—wherever He establishes His teaching and healing ministry. Capernaum's rejection of Jesus despite witnessing His mighty works would later bring severe judgment (11:23-24).