Matthew 5:31

Authorized King James Version

It hath been said, Whosoever shall put away his wife, let him give her a writing of divorcement:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
Ἐῤῥέθη
It hath been said
to utter, i.e., speak or say
#2
δέ,
but, and, etc
#3
ὅτι
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#4
ὃς
Whosoever
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
#5
ἂν
whatsoever
#6
ἀπολύσῃ
shall put away
to free fully, i.e., (literally) relieve, release, dismiss (reflexively, depart), or (figuratively) let die, pardon or (specially) divorce
#7
τὴν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#8
γυναῖκα
wife
a woman; specially, a wife
#9
αὐτῇ
her
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#10
δότω
let him give
to give (used in a very wide application, properly, or by implication, literally or figuratively; greatly modified by the connection)
#11
αὐτῇ
her
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#12
ἀποστάσιον
a writing of divorcement
properly, something separative, i.e., (specially) divorce

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Matthew. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to gospel presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Jewish Messianic hope, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within Roman imperial rule over Jewish Palestine with messianic expectations. The author writes to address Jewish Christians seeking to understand Jesus as Messiah, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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