Matthew 23:33

Authorized King James Version

Ye serpents, ye generation of vipers, how can ye escape the damnation of hell?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ὄφεις
Ye serpents
a snake, figuratively, (as a type of sly cunning) an artful malicious person, especially satan
#2
γεννήματα
ye generation
offspring; by analogy, produce (literally or figuratively)
#3
ἐχιδνῶν
of vipers
an adder or other poisonous snake (literally or figuratively)
#4
πῶς
how
an interrogative particle of manner; in what way? (sometimes the question is indirect, how?); also as exclamation, how much!
#5
φύγητε
can ye
to run away (literally or figuratively); by implication, to shun; by analogy, to vanish
#6
ἀπὸ
escape
"off," i.e., away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)
#7
τῆς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#8
κρίσεως
the damnation
decision (subjectively or objectively, for or against); by extension, a tribunal; by implication, justice (especially, divine law)
#9
τῆς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#10
γεέννης
of hell
valley of (the son of) hinnom; ge-henna (or ge-hinnom), a valley of jerusalem, used (figuratively) as a name for the place (or state) of everlasting p

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing covenant community contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of Jewish biographical literature presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Scripture shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Matthew Understanding a worldview expecting divine intervention through a promised Messiah helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes covenant community in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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