Matthew 12:49

Authorized King James Version

And he stretched forth his hand toward his disciples, and said, Behold my mother and my brethren!

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#2
ἐκτείνας
he stretched forth
to extend
#3
τὴν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
χεῖρα
hand
the hand (literally or figuratively (power); especially (by hebraism) a means or instrument)
#5
αὐτοῦ
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#6
ἐπὶ
toward
properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re
#7
τοὺς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#8
μαθητὰς
disciples
a learner, i.e., pupil
#9
αὐτοῦ
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#10
εἶπεν,
and said
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#11
Ἰδού,
Behold
used as imperative lo!
#12
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#13
μήτηρ
mother
a "mother" (literally or figuratively, immediate or remote)
#14
μου
my
of me
#15
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#16
οἱ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#17
ἀδελφοί
G80
brethren
a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (much like g0001)
#18
μου
my
of me

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within Roman imperial rule over Jewish Palestine with messianic expectations. The author writes to address Jewish Christians seeking to understand Jesus as Messiah, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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