Luke 23:48

Authorized King James Version

And all the people that came together to that sight, beholding the things which were done, smote their breasts, and returned.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
καὶ
G2532
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#2
πάντες
G3956
all
all, any, every, the whole
#3
οἱ
G3588
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
συμπαραγενόμενοι
G4836
that came together
to be present together, i.e., to convene; by implication, to appear in aid
#5
ὄχλοι
G3793
the people
a throng (as borne along); by implication, the rabble; by extension, a class of people; figuratively, a riot
#6
ἐπὶ
G1909
to
properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re
#7
τὴν
G3588
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#8
θεωρίαν
G2335
sight
spectatorship, i.e., (concretely) a spectacle
#9
ταύτην
G3778
the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)
#10
θεωροῦντες
G2334
beholding
to be a spectator of, i.e., discern, (literally, figuratively (experience) or intensively (acknowledge))
#11
τὰ
G3588
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
γενόμενα
G1096
the things which were done
to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)
#13
τύπτοντες
G5180
smote
to "thump", i.e., cudgel or pummel (properly, with a stick or bastinado), but in any case by repeated blows; thus differing from g3817 and g3960, whic
#14
ἑαυτῶν
G1438
their
(him- her-, it-, them-, my-, thy-, our-, your-)self (selves), etc
#15
τὰ
G3588
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#16
στήθη
G4738
breasts
the (entire external) bosom, i.e., chest
#17
ὑπέστρεφον
G5290
and returned
to turn under (behind), i.e., to return (literally or figuratively)

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Luke. The concept of covenant community reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood covenant community. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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