Luke 22:34

Authorized King James Version

And he said, I tell thee, Peter, the cock shall not crow this day, before that thou shalt thrice deny that thou knowest me.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#2
δὲ
And
but, and, etc
#3
εἶπεν
he said
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#4
Λέγω
I tell
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#5
σοι
thee
to thee
#6
Πέτρε
Peter
a (piece of) rock (larger than g3037); as a name, petrus, an apostle
#7
οὐ
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#8
μή
that thou
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
#9
φωνήσει
crow
to emit a sound (animal, human or instrumental); by implication, to address in words or by name, also in imitation
#10
σήμερον
this day
on the (i.e., this) day (or night current or just passed); generally, now (i.e., at present, hitherto)
#11
ἀλέκτωρ
the cock
a cock or male fowl
#12
πρὶν
before that
before
#13
thou shalt
disjunctive, or; comparative, than
#14
τρίς
thrice
three times
#15
ἀπαρνήσῃ
deny
to deny utterly, i.e., disown, abstain
#16
μή
that thou
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
#17
εἰδέναι
knowest
used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl
#18
με
me
me

Analysis

Within the broader context of Luke, this passage highlights salvation through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Luke.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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