Leviticus 20:18

Authorized King James Version

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And if a man shall lie with a woman having her sickness, and shall uncover her nakedness; he hath discovered her fountain, and she hath uncovered the fountain of her blood: and both of them shall be cut off from among their people.

Original Language Analysis

וְ֠אִישׁ And if a man H376
וְ֠אִישׁ And if a man
Strong's: H376
Word #: 1 of 21
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
אֲשֶׁר H834
אֲשֶׁר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 2 of 21
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
יִשְׁכַּ֨ב shall lie H7901
יִשְׁכַּ֨ב shall lie
Strong's: H7901
Word #: 3 of 21
to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose)
אֶת H854
אֶת
Strong's: H854
Word #: 4 of 21
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
אִשָּׁ֜ה with a woman H802
אִשָּׁ֜ה with a woman
Strong's: H802
Word #: 5 of 21
a woman
דָּוָ֗ה having her sickness H1739
דָּוָ֗ה having her sickness
Strong's: H1739
Word #: 6 of 21
sick (especially in menstruation)
גִּלְּתָ֖ה and shall uncover H1540
גִּלְּתָ֖ה and shall uncover
Strong's: H1540
Word #: 7 of 21
to denude (especially in a disgraceful sense); by implication, to exile (captives being usually stripped); figuratively, to reveal
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 8 of 21
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
עֶרְוָתָהּ֙ her nakedness H6172
עֶרְוָתָהּ֙ her nakedness
Strong's: H6172
Word #: 9 of 21
nudity, literally (especially the pudenda) or figuratively (disgrace, blemish)
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 10 of 21
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
מְק֣וֹר her fountain H4726
מְק֣וֹר her fountain
Strong's: H4726
Word #: 11 of 21
properly, something dug, i.e., a (general) source (of water, even when naturally flowing; also of tears, blood (by euphemism, of the female pudenda);
הֶֽעֱרָ֔ה he hath discovered H6168
הֶֽעֱרָ֔ה he hath discovered
Strong's: H6168
Word #: 12 of 21
to be (causatively, make) bare; hence, to empty, pour out, demolish
וְהִ֕וא H1931
וְהִ֕וא
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 13 of 21
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
גִּלְּתָ֖ה and shall uncover H1540
גִּלְּתָ֖ה and shall uncover
Strong's: H1540
Word #: 14 of 21
to denude (especially in a disgraceful sense); by implication, to exile (captives being usually stripped); figuratively, to reveal
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 15 of 21
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
מְק֣וֹר her fountain H4726
מְק֣וֹר her fountain
Strong's: H4726
Word #: 16 of 21
properly, something dug, i.e., a (general) source (of water, even when naturally flowing; also of tears, blood (by euphemism, of the female pudenda);
דָּמֶ֑יהָ of her blood H1818
דָּמֶ֑יהָ of her blood
Strong's: H1818
Word #: 17 of 21
blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshe
וְנִכְרְת֥וּ of them shall be cut off H3772
וְנִכְרְת֥וּ of them shall be cut off
Strong's: H3772
Word #: 18 of 21
to cut (off, down or asunder); by implication, to destroy or consume; specifically, to covenant (i.e., make an alliance or bargain, originally by cutt
שְׁנֵיהֶ֖ם and both H8147
שְׁנֵיהֶ֖ם and both
Strong's: H8147
Word #: 19 of 21
two; also (as ordinal) twofold
מִקֶּ֥רֶב from among H7130
מִקֶּ֥רֶב from among
Strong's: H7130
Word #: 20 of 21
properly, the nearest part, i.e., the center, whether literal, figurative or adverbial (especially with preposition)
עַמָּֽם׃ their people H5971
עַמָּֽם׃ their people
Strong's: H5971
Word #: 21 of 21
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

Analysis & Commentary

And if a man shall lie with a woman having her sickness, and shall uncover her nakedness; he hath discovered her fountain, and she hath uncovered the fountain of her blood: and both of them shall be cut off from among their people.

This verse falls within the section on Penalties for Disobedience. Punishments for violations of sexual and religious laws, emphasizing the seriousness of sin in God's holy community.

Leviticus 17:11 declares 'the life of the flesh is in the blood,' establishing blood's sacred role in atonement, pointing to Christ's blood shed for redemption.
The holiness demanded in Leviticus becomes possible through Christ, who both satisfies God's righteous requirements and transforms believers by His Spirit.

Historical Context

Punishments for violations of sexual and religious laws, emphasizing the seriousness of sin in God's holy community. Chapters 17-27, often called the 'Holiness Code,' expand covenant obligations beyond ritual to encompass all of life—sexuality, economics, justice, and relationships. The repeated refrain 'I am the LORD' grounds these laws in God's character and covenant relationship with Israel. Israel received these laws while encamped at Sinai, before entering Canaan. The laws prepared them for life in the promised land, distinguishing them from Canaanite practices and establishing their identity as God's holy nation. The portable tabernacle, central to Levitical worship, accompanied them through wilderness wanderings and eventually found permanent form in Solomon's temple. The tabernacle's design parallels ancient Near Eastern temple architecture, yet its portable nature and absence of divine images distinguished it from pagan temples.

Questions for Reflection

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