Leviticus 20:17

Authorized King James Version

And if a man shall take his sister, his father's daughter, or his mother's daughter, and see her nakedness, and she see his nakedness; it is a wicked thing; and they shall be cut off in the sight of their people: he hath uncovered his sister's nakedness; he shall bear his iniquity.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְאִ֣ישׁ
And if a man
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#2
אֲשֶׁר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#3
יִקַּ֣ח
shall take
to take (in the widest variety of applications)
#4
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#5
אֲחֹת֛וֹ
his sister
a sister (used very widely [like h0251], literally and figuratively)
#6
בַת
daughter
a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
#7
אָבִ֣יו
H1
his father's
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
#8
א֣וֹ
or
desire (and so probably in proverbs 31:4); hence (by way of alternative) or, also if
#9
בַת
daughter
a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
#10
אִ֠מּוֹ
his mother's
a mother (as the bond of the family); in a wide sense (both literally and figuratively [like father])
#11
תִרְאֶ֤ה
and see
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
#12
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#13
עֶרְוַ֧ת
her nakedness
nudity, literally (especially the pudenda) or figuratively (disgrace, blemish)
#14
וְהִֽיא
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
#15
תִרְאֶ֤ה
and see
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
#16
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#17
עֶרְוַ֧ת
her nakedness
nudity, literally (especially the pudenda) or figuratively (disgrace, blemish)
#18
חֶ֣סֶד
it is a wicked thing
kindness; by implication (towards god) piety; rarely (by opposition) reproof, or (subject.) beauty
#19
ה֔וּא
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
#20
וְנִ֨כְרְת֔וּ
and they shall be cut off
to cut (off, down or asunder); by implication, to destroy or consume; specifically, to covenant (i.e., make an alliance or bargain, originally by cutt
#21
לְעֵינֵ֖י
in the sight
an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
#22
בְּנֵ֣י
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#23
עַמָּ֑ם
of their people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#24
עֶרְוַ֧ת
her nakedness
nudity, literally (especially the pudenda) or figuratively (disgrace, blemish)
#25
אֲחֹת֛וֹ
his sister
a sister (used very widely [like h0251], literally and figuratively)
#26
גִּלָּ֖ה
he hath uncovered
to denude (especially in a disgraceful sense); by implication, to exile (captives being usually stripped); figuratively, to reveal
#27
עֲוֹנ֥וֹ
his iniquity
perversity, i.e., (moral) evil
#28
יִשָּֽׂא׃
he shall bear
to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative

Analysis

Within the broader context of Leviticus, this passage highlights salvation through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of covenant community connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about covenant community, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Leviticus.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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