Leviticus 19:10

Authorized King James Version

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And thou shalt not glean thy vineyard, neither shalt thou gather every grape of thy vineyard; thou shalt leave them for the poor and stranger: I am the LORD your God.

Original Language Analysis

כַּרְמְךָ֖ of thy vineyard H3754
כַּרְמְךָ֖ of thy vineyard
Strong's: H3754
Word #: 1 of 14
a garden or vineyard
לֹ֣א H3808
לֹ֣א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 2 of 14
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
תְעוֹלֵ֔ל And thou shalt not glean H5953
תְעוֹלֵ֔ל And thou shalt not glean
Strong's: H5953
Word #: 3 of 14
to effect thoroughly; by implication (in a bad sense) to overdo, i.e., maltreat, be saucy to, pain, impose (also literal)
וּפֶ֥רֶט every grape H6528
וּפֶ֥רֶט every grape
Strong's: H6528
Word #: 4 of 14
a stray or single berry
כַּרְמְךָ֖ of thy vineyard H3754
כַּרְמְךָ֖ of thy vineyard
Strong's: H3754
Word #: 5 of 14
a garden or vineyard
לֹ֣א H3808
לֹ֣א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 6 of 14
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
תְלַקֵּ֑ט neither shalt thou gather H3950
תְלַקֵּ֑ט neither shalt thou gather
Strong's: H3950
Word #: 7 of 14
properly, to pick up, i.e., (generally) to gather; specifically, to glean
לֶֽעָנִ֤י them for the poor H6041
לֶֽעָנִ֤י them for the poor
Strong's: H6041
Word #: 8 of 14
depressed, in mind or circumstances
וְלַגֵּר֙ and stranger H1616
וְלַגֵּר֙ and stranger
Strong's: H1616
Word #: 9 of 14
properly, a guest; by implication, a foreigner
תַּֽעֲזֹ֣ב thou shalt leave H5800
תַּֽעֲזֹ֣ב thou shalt leave
Strong's: H5800
Word #: 10 of 14
to loosen, i.e., relinquish, permit, etc
אֹתָ֔ם H853
אֹתָ֔ם
Strong's: H853
Word #: 11 of 14
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
אֲנִ֖י H589
אֲנִ֖י
Strong's: H589
Word #: 12 of 14
i
יְהוָ֥ה I am the LORD H3068
יְהוָ֥ה I am the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 13 of 14
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶֽם׃ your God H430
אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶֽם׃ your God
Strong's: H430
Word #: 14 of 14
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

Analysis & Commentary

And thou shalt not glean thy vineyard, neither shalt thou gather every grape of thy vineyard; thou shalt leave them for the poor and stranger: I am the LORD your God.

This verse falls within the section on Various Laws of Holiness. Wide-ranging ethical and ceremonial laws, including the command to 'love your neighbor as yourself' (19:18).


Every sacrifice and ritual in Leviticus points forward to Jesus Christ, who fulfills the entire sacrificial system as both perfect sacrifice and eternal high priest.

Historical Context

Wide-ranging ethical and ceremonial laws, including the command to 'love your neighbor as yourself' (19:18). Chapters 17-27, often called the 'Holiness Code,' expand covenant obligations beyond ritual to encompass all of life—sexuality, economics, justice, and relationships. The repeated refrain 'I am the LORD' grounds these laws in God's character and covenant relationship with Israel. Israel received these laws while encamped at Sinai, before entering Canaan. The laws prepared them for life in the promised land, distinguishing them from Canaanite practices and establishing their identity as God's holy nation. The portable tabernacle, central to Levitical worship, accompanied them through wilderness wanderings and eventually found permanent form in Solomon's temple. Ancient sacrificial texts from cultures surrounding Israel demonstrate the widespread practice of animal sacrifice, but Israel's system uniquely emphasized moral atonement over magical efficacy.

Questions for Reflection

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