Lamentations 2:18

Authorized King James Version

Their heart cried unto the Lord, O wall of the daughter of Zion, let tears run down like a river day and night: give thyself no rest; let not the apple of thine eye cease.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
צָעַ֥ק
cried
to shriek; (by implication) to proclaim (an assembly)
#2
לִבָּ֖ם
Their heart
the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything
#3
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#4
אֲדֹנָ֑י
unto the Lord
the lord (used as a proper name of god only)
#5
חוֹמַ֣ת
O wall
a wall of protection
#6
בַּת
let not the apple
a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
#7
צִ֠יּוֹן
of Zion
tsijon (as a permanent capital), a mountain of jerusalem
#8
הוֹרִ֨ידִי
run down
to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); cau
#9
כַנַּ֤חַל
like a river
a stream, especially a winter torrent; (by implication) a (narrow) valley (in which a brook runs); also a shaft (of a mine)
#10
דִּמְעָה֙
let tears
weeping
#11
יוֹמָ֣ם
day
daily
#12
וָלַ֔יְלָה
and night
properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e., night; figuratively, adversity
#13
אַֽל
not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing
#14
תִּתְּנִ֤י
give
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#15
פוּגַת֙
thyself no rest
intermission
#16
לָ֔ךְ
H0
#17
אַל
not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing
#18
תִּדֹּ֖ם
cease
to be dumb; by implication, to be astonished, to stop; also to perish
#19
בַּת
let not the apple
a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
#20
עֵינֵֽךְ׃
of thine eye
an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Lamentations Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection