Joshua 12:8

Authorized King James Version

In the mountains, and in the valleys, and in the plains, and in the springs, and in the wilderness, and in the south country; the Hittites, the Amorites, and the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
בָּהָ֣ר
In the mountains
a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)
#2
וּבַשְּׁפֵלָ֗ה
and in the valleys
lowland, i.e., (with the article) the maritime slope of palestine
#3
וּבָֽעֲרָבָה֙
and in the plains
a desert; especially (with the article prefix) the (generally) sterile valley of the jordan and its continuation to the red sea
#4
וּבָ֣אֲשֵׁד֔וֹת
and in the springs
a ravine
#5
וּבַמִּדְבָּ֖ר
and in the wilderness
a pasture (i.e., open field, whither cattle are driven); by implication, a desert
#6
וּבַנֶּ֑גֶב
and in the south country
the south (from its drought); specifically, the negeb or southern district of judah, occasionally, egypt (as south to palestine)
#7
הַֽחִתִּי֙
the Hittites
a chittite, or descendant of cheth
#8
הָֽאֱמֹרִ֔י
the Amorites
an emorite, one of the canaanitish tribes
#9
וְהַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙
and the Canaanites
a kenaanite or inhabitant of kenaan; by implication, a pedlar (the canaanites standing for their neighbors the ishmaelites, who conducted mercantile c
#10
הַפְּרִזִּ֔י
the Perizzites
a perizzite, one of the canaanitish tribes
#11
הַֽחִוִּ֖י
the Hivites
a chivvite, one of the indigenous tribes of palestine
#12
וְהַיְבוּסִֽי׃
and the Jebusites
a jebusite or inhabitant of jebus

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Joshua Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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