John 9:31

Authorized King James Version

Now we know that God heareth not sinners: but if any man be a worshipper of God, and doeth his will, him he heareth.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
οἴδαμεν
we know
used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl
#2
δὲ
Now
but, and, etc
#3
ὅτι
that
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#4
ἁμαρτωλῶν
sinners
sinful, i.e., a sinner
#5
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#6
θεὸς
God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#7
οὐκ
not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#8
ἀκούει
he heareth
to hear (in various senses)
#9
ἀλλ'
but
properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
#10
ἐάν
if
a conditional particle; in case that, provided, etc.; often used in connection with other particles to denote indefiniteness or uncertainty
#11
τις
any man
some or any person or object
#12
θεοσεβὴς
a worshipper of God
reverent of god, i.e., pious
#13
be
(may, might, can, could, would, should, must, etc.; also with g1487 and its comparative, as well as with other particles) be
#14
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#15
τὸ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#16
θέλημα
will
a determination (properly, the thing), i.e., (actively) choice (specially, purpose, decree; abstractly, volition) or (passively) inclination
#17
αὐτοῦ
his
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#18
ποιῇ
doeth
to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)
#19
τούτου
him
of (from or concerning) this (person or thing)
#20
ἀκούει
he heareth
to hear (in various senses)

Analysis

The divine love theme here intersects with God's covenantal faithfulness demonstrated throughout salvation history. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation from covenant love in the Old Testament to agape love in the New. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about hesed in the Old Testament and agape in the New Testament.

Historical Context

The historical context of the late first century during increasing tension between synagogue and church provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The late first-century Jewish-Christian tensions and Hellenistic thought would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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