John 9:18

Authorized King James Version

But the Jews did not believe concerning him, that he had been blind, and received his sight, until they called the parents of him that had received his sight.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
Οὐκ
not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#2
ἐπίστευσαν
believe
to have faith (in, upon, or with respect to, a person or thing), i.e., credit; by implication, to entrust (especially one's spiritual well-being to ch
#3
οὖν
But
(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
#4
οἱ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#5
Ἰουδαῖοι
the Jews
judaean, i.e., belonging to jehudah
#6
περὶ
concerning
properly, through (all over), i.e., around; figuratively with respect to; used in various applications, of place, cause or time (with the genitive cas
#7
αὐτοῦ
him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#8
ὅτι
that
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#9
τυφλὸς
blind
opaque (as if smoky), i.e., (by analogy) blind (physically or mentally)
#10
ἦν
he had been
i (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)
#11
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#12
ἀναβλέψαντος
received his sight
to look up; by implication, to recover sight
#13
ἕως
until
a conjunction, preposition and adverb of continuance, until (of time and place)
#14
ὅτου
during which same time, i.e., whilst
#15
ἐφώνησαν
they called
to emit a sound (animal, human or instrumental); by implication, to address in words or by name, also in imitation
#16
τοὺς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#17
γονεῖς
the parents
a parent
#18
αὐτοῦ
him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#19
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#20
ἀναβλέψαντος
received his sight
to look up; by implication, to recover sight

Analysis

The faith and obedience theme here intersects with the proper human response to divine revelation across Scripture. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

The historical context of the late first century during increasing tension between synagogue and church provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The late first-century Jewish-Christian tensions and Hellenistic thought would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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