John 20:27

Authorized King James Version

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Then saith he to Thomas, Reach hither thy finger, and behold my hands; and reach hither thy hand, and thrust it into my side: and be not faithless, but believing.

Original Language Analysis

εἶτα Then G1534
εἶτα Then
Strong's: G1534
Word #: 1 of 31
a particle of succession (in time or logical enumeration), then, moreover
λέγει saith he G3004
λέγει saith he
Strong's: G3004
Word #: 2 of 31
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
τῷ G3588
τῷ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 3 of 31
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
Θωμᾷ to Thomas G2381
Θωμᾷ to Thomas
Strong's: G2381
Word #: 4 of 31
the twin; thomas, a christian
φέρε Reach G5342
φέρε Reach
Strong's: G5342
Word #: 5 of 31
to "bear" or carry (in a very wide application, literally and figuratively, as follows)
τὸν G3588
τὸν
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 6 of 31
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
δάκτυλόν finger G1147
δάκτυλόν finger
Strong's: G1147
Word #: 7 of 31
a finger
σου thy G4675
σου thy
Strong's: G4675
Word #: 8 of 31
of thee, thy
ὧδε hither G5602
ὧδε hither
Strong's: G5602
Word #: 9 of 31
in this same spot, i.e., here or hither
καὶ and G2532
καὶ and
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 10 of 31
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
ἴδε behold G1492
ἴδε behold
Strong's: G1492
Word #: 11 of 31
used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl
τὰς G3588
τὰς
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 12 of 31
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
χεῖρά hand G5495
χεῖρά hand
Strong's: G5495
Word #: 13 of 31
the hand (literally or figuratively (power); especially (by hebraism) a means or instrument)
μου my G3450
μου my
Strong's: G3450
Word #: 14 of 31
of me
καὶ and G2532
καὶ and
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 15 of 31
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
φέρε Reach G5342
φέρε Reach
Strong's: G5342
Word #: 16 of 31
to "bear" or carry (in a very wide application, literally and figuratively, as follows)
τὴν G3588
τὴν
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 17 of 31
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
χεῖρά hand G5495
χεῖρά hand
Strong's: G5495
Word #: 18 of 31
the hand (literally or figuratively (power); especially (by hebraism) a means or instrument)
σου thy G4675
σου thy
Strong's: G4675
Word #: 19 of 31
of thee, thy
καὶ and G2532
καὶ and
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 20 of 31
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
βάλε thrust G906
βάλε thrust
Strong's: G906
Word #: 21 of 31
to throw (in various applications, more or less violent or intense)
εἰς it into G1519
εἰς it into
Strong's: G1519
Word #: 22 of 31
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
τὴν G3588
τὴν
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 23 of 31
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
πλευράν side G4125
πλευράν side
Strong's: G4125
Word #: 24 of 31
a rib, i.e., (by extension) side
μου my G3450
μου my
Strong's: G3450
Word #: 25 of 31
of me
καὶ and G2532
καὶ and
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 26 of 31
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
μὴ not G3361
μὴ not
Strong's: G3361
Word #: 27 of 31
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
γίνου be G1096
γίνου be
Strong's: G1096
Word #: 28 of 31
to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)
ἄπιστος faithless G571
ἄπιστος faithless
Strong's: G571
Word #: 29 of 31
(actively) disbelieving, i.e., without christian faith (specially, a heathen); (passively) untrustworthy (person), or incredible (thing)
ἀλλὰ but G235
ἀλλὰ but
Strong's: G235
Word #: 30 of 31
properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
πιστός believing G4103
πιστός believing
Strong's: G4103
Word #: 31 of 31
objectively, trustworthy; subjectively, trustful

Analysis & Commentary

Then saith he to Thomas, Reach hither thy finger, and behold my hands; and reach hither thy hand, and thrust it into my side—Jesus directly addresses Thomas's specific demand (v. 25): "Except I shall see in his hands the print of the nails, and put my finger into the print of the nails, and thrust my hand into his side, I will not believe." Christ quotes Thomas's exact requirements, demonstrating omniscient knowledge of a conversation He wasn't physically present for. The invitation to touch proves Jesus's body is physical—bearing crucifixion scars eternally. These wounds are not defects but glorious trophies of accomplished redemption.

The verb "thrust" (βάλε/bale, from βάλλω/ballō) means to throw, cast, or plunge—stronger than gentle touching. Jesus invites invasive examination, meeting doubt head-on with tangible evidence. The scars in His hands (where nails pierced) and side (where the soldier's spear struck, John 19:34) permanently mark Christ's body. Even in glorification, He retains crucifixion wounds—the Lamb appears "as it had been slain" (Revelation 5:6).

And be not faithless, but believing (μὴ γίνου ἄπιστος ἀλλὰ πιστός/mē ginou apistos alla pistos)—The present imperative μὴ γίνου (mē ginou, "stop being") suggests Thomas was in danger of persistent unbelief. Ἄπιστος (apistos, faithless) means without faith, untrustworthy, unbelieving. Christ calls Thomas from unbelief (ἄπιστος) to faith (πιστός). This is gracious confrontation—Jesus doesn't reject the doubter but provides evidence while commanding faith. Doubt must be resolved through encounter with the risen Christ, not accommodation or intellectual argument alone.

Historical Context

Thomas's demand for empirical proof reflects Greco-Roman epistemology valuing sensory evidence. Yet even ancient skeptics recognized eyewitness testimony's value. Jesus provides exactly what Thomas required, validating reasonable investigation while ultimately calling for faith.

The permanence of Christ's wounds holds profound theological significance. In Jewish sacrificial system, the lamb was consumed—evidence of sacrifice disappeared. But Christ's eternal scars testify perpetually to His finished work. Hebrews 10:12 says He "sat down" at God's right hand—work complete. Yet Revelation 5:6 shows the Lamb "as it had been slain" standing—wounds visible eternally.

Early church fathers saw Christ's retained wounds as proof against Docetism (the heresy that Jesus only seemed to have a physical body). Ignatius of Antioch (c. 110 AD) emphasized Christ's physical resurrection against such errors. The wounds demonstrate:

  1. identity—same Jesus who was crucified
  2. physicality—real body, not phantom
  3. continuity—resurrection transforms but doesn't discard the crucified body.

    For Thomas, representing honest doubters across history, this encounter became transformative.

Tradition holds he later preached the gospel in India, martyred for faith in the risen Christ. The doubter became a bold witness—evidence encountered and faith exercised.

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