John 2:18

Authorized King James Version

Then answered the Jews and said unto him, What sign shewest thou unto us, seeing that thou doest these things?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ἀπεκρίθησαν
answered
to conclude for oneself, i.e., (by implication) to respond; by hebraism (compare h6030) to begin to speak (where an address is expected)
#2
οὖν
Then
(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
#3
οἱ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
Ἰουδαῖοι
the Jews
judaean, i.e., belonging to jehudah
#5
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#6
εἶπον
said
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#7
αὐτῷ
unto him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#8
Τί
What
an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)
#9
σημεῖον
sign
an indication, especially ceremonially or supernaturally
#10
δεικνύεις
shewest thou
to show (literally or figuratively)
#11
ἡμῖν
unto us
to (or for, with, by) us
#12
ὅτι
seeing that
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#13
ταῦτα
these things
these things
#14
ποιεῖς
thou doest
to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)

Analysis

The divine love theme here intersects with God's covenantal faithfulness demonstrated throughout salvation history. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation from covenant love in the Old Testament to agape love in the New. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about hesed in the Old Testament and agape in the New Testament.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on divine love particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

Topics

People

Study Resources