John 2:1
And the third day there was a marriage in Cana of Galilee; and the mother of Jesus was there:
Original Language Analysis
καὶ
And
G2532
καὶ
And
Strong's:
G2532
Word #:
1 of 18
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
τῇ
G3588
τῇ
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
2 of 18
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
ἡμέρᾳ
day
G2250
ἡμέρᾳ
day
Strong's:
G2250
Word #:
3 of 18
day, i.e., (literally) the time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hours (but several days were usually reckoned by the jews as inclusive of
τῇ
G3588
τῇ
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
4 of 18
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
τρίτῃ
the third
G5154
τρίτῃ
the third
Strong's:
G5154
Word #:
5 of 18
third; neuter (as noun) a third part, or (as adverb) a (or the) third time, thirdly
ἐγένετο
there was
G1096
ἐγένετο
there was
Strong's:
G1096
Word #:
7 of 18
to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)
τῆς
G3588
τῆς
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
10 of 18
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
Γαλιλαίας
of Galilee
G1056
Γαλιλαίας
of Galilee
Strong's:
G1056
Word #:
11 of 18
galilaea (i.e., the heathen circle), a region of palestine
καὶ
And
G2532
καὶ
And
Strong's:
G2532
Word #:
12 of 18
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
ἡ
G3588
ἡ
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
14 of 18
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
μήτηρ
the mother
G3384
μήτηρ
the mother
Strong's:
G3384
Word #:
15 of 18
a "mother" (literally or figuratively, immediate or remote)
τοῦ
G3588
τοῦ
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
16 of 18
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
Cross References
John 4:46So Jesus came again into Cana of Galilee, where he made the water wine. And there was a certain nobleman, whose son was sick at Capernaum.John 21:2There were together Simon Peter, and Thomas called Didymus, and Nathanael of Cana in Galilee, and the sons of Zebedee, and two other of his disciples.Proverbs 18:22Whoso findeth a wife findeth a good thing, and obtaineth favour of the LORD.Matthew 12:46While he yet talked to the people, behold, his mother and his brethren stood without, desiring to speak with him.
Historical Context
Cana was a small Galilean village near Nazareth. First-century Jewish weddings lasted a week, and running out of wine brought shame on the family. Water jars held 20-30 gallons each, showing the abundance of Christ's provision.
Questions for Reflection
- What 'water' in your life needs Christ's transforming touch to become 'wine'?
- How does this miracle demonstrate that Christ cares about everyday human concerns?
Related Resources
Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.
Analysis & Commentary
The 'third day' may foreshadow Christ's resurrection, John's first use of symbolic timing. Cana's wedding represents the joy of salvation, with Mary's presence suggesting her trust in Jesus despite no previous public miracles. This first sign reveals Christ's glory by transforming the old covenant (water in purification jars) into the new (abundant wine), superior in quality and quantity—a preview of grace replacing law.