John 18:19

Authorized King James Version

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The high priest then asked Jesus of his disciples, and of his doctrine.

Original Language Analysis

G3588
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 1 of 15
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
οὖν then G3767
οὖν then
Strong's: G3767
Word #: 2 of 15
(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
ἀρχιερεὺς The high priest G749
ἀρχιερεὺς The high priest
Strong's: G749
Word #: 3 of 15
the high-priest (literally, of the jews; typically, christ); by extension a chief priest
ἠρώτησεν asked G2065
ἠρώτησεν asked
Strong's: G2065
Word #: 4 of 15
to interrogate; by implication, to request
τὸν G3588
τὸν
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 5 of 15
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
Ἰησοῦν Jesus G2424
Ἰησοῦν Jesus
Strong's: G2424
Word #: 6 of 15
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
περὶ of G4012
περὶ of
Strong's: G4012
Word #: 7 of 15
properly, through (all over), i.e., around; figuratively with respect to; used in various applications, of place, cause or time (with the genitive cas
τῶν G3588
τῶν
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 8 of 15
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
μαθητῶν disciples G3101
μαθητῶν disciples
Strong's: G3101
Word #: 9 of 15
a learner, i.e., pupil
αὐτοῦ his G846
αὐτοῦ his
Strong's: G846
Word #: 10 of 15
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
καὶ and G2532
καὶ and
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 11 of 15
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
περὶ of G4012
περὶ of
Strong's: G4012
Word #: 12 of 15
properly, through (all over), i.e., around; figuratively with respect to; used in various applications, of place, cause or time (with the genitive cas
τῆς G3588
τῆς
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 13 of 15
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
διδαχῆς doctrine G1322
διδαχῆς doctrine
Strong's: G1322
Word #: 14 of 15
instruction (the act or the matter)
αὐτοῦ his G846
αὐτοῦ his
Strong's: G846
Word #: 15 of 15
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Analysis & Commentary

The high priest then asked Jesus of his disciples, and of his doctrine—This interrogation (ἐπηρώτησεν, epērōtēsen, 'questioned closely') was Annas, father-in-law to the reigning high priest Caiaphas (v. 13). The Greek διδαχῆς (didachēs, 'teaching') reflects concern about Jesus's authority and message, not just content.

The dual focus—disciples (μαθητῶν, mathētōn) and doctrine—reveals the Sanhedrin's fear of a revolutionary movement. Yet this midnight trial violated Jewish law: cases involving capital punishment could not be heard at night, required defense witnesses, and needed a day's delay before sentencing. Jesus faced an illegal kangaroo court designed to produce a predetermined verdict.

Historical Context

Annas served as high priest AD 6-15 but remained the power behind the throne through five sons and son-in-law Caiaphas. Though Rome deposed him, Jews still recognized his authority. This preliminary hearing at Annas's residence (likely his palace complex) preceded the formal Sanhedrin trial at Caiaphas's house.

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