John 18:19

Authorized King James Version

The high priest then asked Jesus of his disciples, and of his doctrine.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#2
οὖν
then
(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
#3
ἀρχιερεὺς
The high priest
the high-priest (literally, of the jews; typically, christ); by extension a chief priest
#4
ἠρώτησεν
asked
to interrogate; by implication, to request
#5
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#6
Ἰησοῦν
Jesus
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
#7
περὶ
of
properly, through (all over), i.e., around; figuratively with respect to; used in various applications, of place, cause or time (with the genitive cas
#8
τῶν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#9
μαθητῶν
disciples
a learner, i.e., pupil
#10
αὐτοῦ
his
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#11
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#12
περὶ
of
properly, through (all over), i.e., around; figuratively with respect to; used in various applications, of place, cause or time (with the genitive cas
#13
τῆς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#14
διδαχῆς
doctrine
instruction (the act or the matter)
#15
αὐτοῦ
his
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Analysis

The divine love theme here intersects with God's covenantal faithfulness demonstrated throughout salvation history. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation from covenant love in the Old Testament to agape love in the New. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about hesed in the Old Testament and agape in the New Testament.

Historical Context

The historical context of the late first century during increasing tension between synagogue and church provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The late first-century Jewish-Christian tensions and Hellenistic thought would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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