John 15:25

Authorized King James Version

But this cometh to pass, that the word might be fulfilled that is written in their law, They hated me without a cause.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ἀλλ'
But
properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
#2
ἵνα
this cometh to pass that
in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)
#3
πληρωθῇ
might be fulfilled
to make replete, i.e., (literally) to cram (a net), level up (a hollow), or (figuratively) to furnish (or imbue, diffuse, influence), satisfy, execute
#4
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#5
λόγος
the word
something said (including the thought); by implication, a topic (subject of discourse), also reasoning (the mental faculty) or motive; by extension, a
#6
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#7
γεγραμμένος
that is written
to "grave", especially to write; figuratively, to describe
#8
ἐν
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#9
τῷ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#10
νόμῳ
law
law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of moses (including the volume); also of the gospel), or figurat
#11
αὐτῶν
their
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#12
ὅτι
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#13
Ἐμίσησάν
They hated
to detest (especially to persecute); by extension, to love less
#14
με
me
me
#15
δωρεάν
without a cause
gratuitously (literally or figuratively)

Analysis

The divine love theme here intersects with God's covenantal faithfulness demonstrated throughout salvation history. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation from covenant love in the Old Testament to agape love in the New. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about hesed in the Old Testament and agape in the New Testament.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on divine love particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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