John 12:50

Authorized King James Version

And I know that his commandment is life everlasting: whatsoever I speak therefore, even as the Father said unto me, so I speak.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#2
οἶδα
I know
used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl
#3
ὅτι
that
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#4
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#5
ἐντολὴ
commandment
injunction, i.e., an authoritative prescription
#6
αὐτοῦ
his
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#7
ζωὴ
life
life (literally or figuratively)
#8
αἰώνιός
everlasting
perpetual (also used of past time, or past and future as well)
#9
ἐστιν
is
he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are
#10
whatsoever
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
#11
οὖν
therefore
(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
#12
λαλῶ
I speak
to talk, i.e., utter words
#13
ἐγὼ
I
i, me
#14
καθὼς
even as
just (or inasmuch) as, that
#15
εἴρηκέν
said
an alternate for g2036 in certain tenses; to utter, i.e., speak or say
#16
μοι
unto me
to me
#17
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#18
πατήρ
the Father
a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)
#19
οὕτως
so
in this way (referring to what precedes or follows)
#20
λαλῶ
I speak
to talk, i.e., utter words

Analysis

Within the broader context of John, this passage highlights divine love through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of life connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about life, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of John.

Historical Context

The historical context of the late first century during increasing tension between synagogue and church provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The late first-century Jewish-Christian tensions and Hellenistic thought would have shaped how the original audience understood life. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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