John 12:23

Authorized King James Version

And Jesus answered them, saying, The hour is come, that the Son of man should be glorified.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#2
δὲ
And
but, and, etc
#3
Ἰησοῦς
Jesus
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
#4
ἀπεκρίνατο
answered
to conclude for oneself, i.e., (by implication) to respond; by hebraism (compare h6030) to begin to speak (where an address is expected)
#5
αὐτοῖς
them
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#6
λέγων,
saying
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#7
Ἐλήλυθεν
is come
to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#8
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#9
ὥρα
The hour
an "hour" (literally or figuratively)
#10
ἵνα
that
in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)
#11
δοξασθῇ
should be glorified
to render (or esteem) glorious (in a wide application)
#12
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#13
υἱὸς
the Son
a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship
#14
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#15
ἀνθρώπου
of man
man-faced, i.e., a human being

Analysis

The divine love theme here intersects with God's covenantal faithfulness demonstrated throughout salvation history. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation from covenant love in the Old Testament to agape love in the New. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about hesed in the Old Testament and agape in the New Testament.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on divine love particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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