John 1:48

Authorized King James Version

Nathanael saith unto him, Whence knowest thou me? Jesus answered and said unto him, Before that Philip called thee, when thou wast under the fig tree, I saw thee.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
λέγει
saith
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#2
αὐτῷ
unto him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#3
Ναθαναήλ
Nathanael
nathanal (i.e., nathanel), an israelite and christian
#4
Πόθεν
Whence
from which (as interrogative) or what (as relative) place, state, source or cause
#5
με
me
me
#6
γινώσκεις
knowest thou
to "know" (absolutely) in a great variety of applications and with many implications (as follow, with others not thus clearly expressed)
#7
ἀπεκρίθη
answered
to conclude for oneself, i.e., (by implication) to respond; by hebraism (compare h6030) to begin to speak (where an address is expected)
#8
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#9
Ἰησοῦς
Jesus
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
#10
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#11
εἶπεν
said
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#12
αὐτῷ
unto him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#13
Πρὸ
Before
"fore", i.e., in front of, prior (figuratively, superior) to
#14
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#15
σε
thee
thee
#16
Φίλιππον
that Philip
fond of horses; philippus, the name of four israelites
#17
φωνῆσαι
called
to emit a sound (animal, human or instrumental); by implication, to address in words or by name, also in imitation
#18
ὄντα
when thou wast
being
#19
ὑπὸ
under
under, i.e., (with the genitive case) of place (beneath), or with verbs (the agency or means, through); (with the accusative case) of place (whither (
#20
τὴν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#21
συκῆν
the fig tree
a fig-tree
#22
εἶδόν
I saw
used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl
#23
σε
thee
thee

Analysis

This verse develops the divine love theme central to John. The concept of divine revelation reflects the essential nature of God revealed through Christ. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to theological biography emphasizing Jesus' divine identity, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on divine love particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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