Job 9:9

Authorized King James Version

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Which maketh Arcturus, Orion, and Pleiades, and the chambers of the south.

Original Language Analysis

עֹֽשֶׂה Which maketh H6213
עֹֽשֶׂה Which maketh
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 1 of 6
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
עָ֭שׁ Arcturus H5906
עָ֭שׁ Arcturus
Strong's: H5906
Word #: 2 of 6
the constellation of the great bear (perhaps from its migration through the heavens)
כְּסִ֥יל Orion H3685
כְּסִ֥יל Orion
Strong's: H3685
Word #: 3 of 6
any notable constellation; specifically orion (as if a burly one)
וְכִימָ֗ה and Pleiades H3598
וְכִימָ֗ה and Pleiades
Strong's: H3598
Word #: 4 of 6
a cluster of stars, i.e., the pleiades
וְחַדְרֵ֥י and the chambers H2315
וְחַדְרֵ֥י and the chambers
Strong's: H2315
Word #: 5 of 6
an apartment (usually literal)
תֵמָֽן׃ of the south H8486
תֵמָֽן׃ of the south
Strong's: H8486
Word #: 6 of 6
the south (as being on the right hand of a person facing the east)

Analysis & Commentary

Job references constellations: 'Which maketh Arcturus, Orion, and Pleiades, and the chambers of the south.' The Hebrew terms (Ash, Kesil, Kimah, chadre teman) likely refer to specific star groups, though exact identification is debated. 'Arcturus' may be the Bear, 'Orion' the Hunter, 'Pleiades' the Seven Stars, and 'chambers of the south' perhaps southern constellations or the zodiac. God's making (asah, עָשָׂה) these stellar phenomena demonstrates creative power and cosmic scope.

Ancient peoples navigated and marked seasons by stars (Genesis 1:14). Job affirms God's authorship of these celestial markers—they aren't divine beings but created instruments serving God's purposes. This cosmological knowledge positions Job as scientifically sophisticated for his era while maintaining theological monotheism. The stars' regularity witnesses to divine faithfulness; their beauty reveals divine glory (Psalm 19:1).

The New Testament reveals Christ as the One through whom all things were made (Colossians 1:16), including stellar phenomena. Job confesses the Creator's power while suffering under it; Christians confess the Creator became incarnate and suffered, bridging the infinite gap Job perceives between divine power and human frailty.

Historical Context

Ancient astronomy was advanced for its time, with sophisticated observation of stellar patterns used for calendars, navigation, and astrology. Job's reference demonstrates cultural literacy while rejecting astrological divination in favor of seeing stars as God's creation declaring His glory, not as independent forces controlling destiny.

Questions for Reflection