Job 3:16

Authorized King James Version

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Or as an hidden untimely birth I had not been; as infants which never saw light.

Original Language Analysis

א֤וֹ H176
א֤וֹ
Strong's: H176
Word #: 1 of 9
desire (and so probably in proverbs 31:4); hence (by way of alternative) or, also if
כְנֵ֣פֶל untimely birth H5309
כְנֵ֣פֶל untimely birth
Strong's: H5309
Word #: 2 of 9
something fallen, i.e., an abortion
טָ֭מוּן Or as an hidden H2934
טָ֭מוּן Or as an hidden
Strong's: H2934
Word #: 3 of 9
to hide (by covering over)
לֹ֣א H3808
לֹ֣א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 4 of 9
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
אֶֽהְיֶ֑ה H1961
אֶֽהְיֶ֑ה
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 5 of 9
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
כְּ֝עֹֽלְלִ֗ים I had not been as infants H5768
כְּ֝עֹֽלְלִ֗ים I had not been as infants
Strong's: H5768
Word #: 6 of 9
a suckling
לֹא H3808
לֹא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 7 of 9
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
רָ֥אוּ which never saw H7200
רָ֥אוּ which never saw
Strong's: H7200
Word #: 8 of 9
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
אֽוֹר׃ light H216
אֽוֹר׃ light
Strong's: H216
Word #: 9 of 9
illumination or (concrete) luminary (in every sense, including lightning, happiness, etc.)

Analysis & Commentary

Job wishes he had been 'as an hidden untimely birth'—a miscarriage buried without ceremony. The Hebrew 'nephel' (untimely birth/miscarriage) represents the ultimate obscurity—existence so brief it never achieves recognition. Job considers this preferable to his current suffering. The phrase 'as infants which never saw light' emphasizes that even momentary existence with subsequent suffering seems worse than never having lived at all from Job's current perspective.

Historical Context

Miscarried infants in the ancient Near East were typically buried without the ceremonies accorded to those who lived. Job considers such anonymous non-existence preferable to his painful notoriety.

Questions for Reflection

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