Psalms 58:8

Authorized King James Version

As a snail which melteth, let every one of them pass away: like the untimely birth of a woman, that they may not see the sun.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
כְּמ֣וֹ
as, thus, so
#2
שַׁ֭בְּלוּל
As a snail
a snail (as if floating in its own slime)
#3
תֶּ֣מֶס
which melteth
liquefaction, i.e., disappearance
#4
יַהֲלֹ֑ךְ
let every one of them pass away
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#5
נֵ֥פֶל
like the untimely birth
something fallen, i.e., an abortion
#6
אֵ֝֗שֶׁת
of a woman
a woman
#7
בַּל
properly, a failure; by implication nothing; usually (adverb) not at all; also lest
#8
חָ֥זוּ
that they may not see
to gaze at; mentally to perceive, contemplate (with pleasure); specifically, to have a vision of
#9
שָֽׁמֶשׁ׃
the sun
the sun; by implication, the east; figuratively, a ray, i.e., (architectural) a notched battlement

Analysis

Within the broader context of Psalms, this passage highlights worship and praise through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Psalms.

Historical Context

The historical context of the monarchic period, particularly David's reign (c. 1000-970 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Israelite monarchy with its temple worship, court life, and constant military threats created the liturgical and emotional context for these prayers and praises. The ancient Israelite worship practices and court culture would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Temple archaeology and ancient musical instruments illuminate the liturgical context of Israelite worship.

Questions for Reflection