Job 29:17

Authorized King James Version

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And I brake the jaws of the wicked, and plucked the spoil out of his teeth.

Original Language Analysis

וָֽ֭אֲשַׁבְּרָה And I brake H7665
וָֽ֭אֲשַׁבְּרָה And I brake
Strong's: H7665
Word #: 1 of 6
to burst (literally or figuratively)
מְתַלְּע֣וֹת the jaws H4973
מְתַלְּע֣וֹת the jaws
Strong's: H4973
Word #: 2 of 6
properly, a biter, i.e., a tooth
עַוָּ֑ל of the wicked H5767
עַוָּ֑ל of the wicked
Strong's: H5767
Word #: 3 of 6
evil (morally)
וּ֝מִשִּׁנָּ֗יו out of his teeth H8127
וּ֝מִשִּׁנָּ֗יו out of his teeth
Strong's: H8127
Word #: 4 of 6
a tooth (as sharp); specifically ivory; figuratively, a cliff
אַשְׁלִ֥יךְ and plucked H7993
אַשְׁלִ֥יךְ and plucked
Strong's: H7993
Word #: 5 of 6
to throw out, down or away (literally or figuratively)
טָֽרֶף׃ the spoil H2964
טָֽרֶף׃ the spoil
Strong's: H2964
Word #: 6 of 6
something torn, i.e., a fragment, e.g., a fresh leaf, prey, food

Analysis & Commentary

And I brake the jaws of the wicked (malt'ot rasha מַלְתְּעוֹת רָשָׁע, jaws/fangs of the wicked; shavar שָׁבַר, to break, shatter)—Job violently intervened against oppressors. Malt'ot refers to jaw-teeth or fangs, depicting the wicked as predatory beasts devouring victims. Shavar implies decisive, forceful breaking—not gentle persuasion but aggressive justice. And plucked the spoil out of his teeth (shalak teref שָׁלַךְ טֶרֶף, to cast out prey/spoil; shen שֵׁן, tooth)—Job rescued victims from oppressors' very mouths, recovering what was seized unjustly.

This vivid animal imagery appears throughout Scripture depicting wicked oppressors: lions tearing prey (Psalm 7:2, 22:13), bears robbing (Proverbs 17:12), wolves ravaging (Ezekiel 22:27). Job's intervention fulfills the righteous ruler's mandate to 'deliver the spoiled out of the hand of the oppressor' (Jeremiah 21:12). The verse balances Job's gentleness toward the vulnerable (vv. 12-16) with fierce opposition to exploiters—biblical compassion always includes justice against wickedness. This anticipates Christ who showed tender mercy to repentant sinners while pronouncing withering condemnation on hypocritical oppressors (Matthew 23). Job's dual character—nurturing father to the poor, jaw-breaking destroyer of oppressors—reflects God's own nature as both merciful and just.

Historical Context

Ancient Near Eastern legal systems often favored the powerful, allowing the wealthy to exploit the poor through predatory lending, unjust seizure of property, or manipulation of courts. The 'spoil' Job recovered likely included unjustly seized property, extorted payments, or persons sold into debt slavery. Job's willingness to confront powerful wrongdoers at personal risk demonstrates exceptional courage—such interventions could create dangerous enemies. His dual role as advocate for victims and aggressive opponent of oppressors established just governance in his region, fulfilling the righteous judge's calling.

Questions for Reflection