Jeremiah 9:16
I will scatter them also among the heathen, whom neither they nor their fathers have known: and I will send a sword after them, till I have consumed them.
Original Language Analysis
וַהֲפִֽצוֹתִים֙
I will scatter
H6327
וַהֲפִֽצוֹתִים֙
I will scatter
Strong's:
H6327
Word #:
1 of 14
to dash in pieces, literally or figuratively (especially to disperse)
בַּגּוֹיִ֔ם
them also among the heathen
H1471
בַּגּוֹיִ֔ם
them also among the heathen
Strong's:
H1471
Word #:
2 of 14
a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
אֲשֶׁר֙
H834
אֲשֶׁר֙
Strong's:
H834
Word #:
3 of 14
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
לֹ֣א
H3808
לֹ֣א
Strong's:
H3808
Word #:
4 of 14
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
יָֽדְע֔וּ
have known
H3045
יָֽדְע֔וּ
have known
Strong's:
H3045
Word #:
5 of 14
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
וַֽאֲבוֹתָ֑ם
whom neither they nor their fathers
H1
וַֽאֲבוֹתָ֑ם
whom neither they nor their fathers
Strong's:
H1
Word #:
7 of 14
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
וְשִׁלַּחְתִּ֤י
and I will send
H7971
וְשִׁלַּחְתִּ֤י
and I will send
Strong's:
H7971
Word #:
8 of 14
to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
אַֽחֲרֵיהֶם֙
after
H310
אַֽחֲרֵיהֶם֙
after
Strong's:
H310
Word #:
9 of 14
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
אֶת
H853
אֶת
Strong's:
H853
Word #:
10 of 14
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
הַחֶ֔רֶב
a sword
H2719
הַחֶ֔רֶב
a sword
Strong's:
H2719
Word #:
11 of 14
drought; also a cutting instrument (from its destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or other sharp implement
עַ֥ד
H5704
עַ֥ד
Strong's:
H5704
Word #:
12 of 14
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
Cross References
Deuteronomy 28:64And the LORD shall scatter thee among all people, from the one end of the earth even unto the other; and there thou shalt serve other gods, which neither thou nor thy fathers have known, even wood and stone.Ezekiel 5:2Thou shalt burn with fire a third part in the midst of the city, when the days of the siege are fulfilled: and thou shalt take a third part, and smite about it with a knife: and a third part thou shalt scatter in the wind; and I will draw out a sword after them.Ezekiel 5:12A third part of thee shall die with the pestilence, and with famine shall they be consumed in the midst of thee: and a third part shall fall by the sword round about thee; and I will scatter a third part into all the winds, and I will draw out a sword after them.Leviticus 26:33And I will scatter you among the heathen, and will draw out a sword after you: and your land shall be desolate, and your cities waste.Jeremiah 44:27Behold, I will watch over them for evil, and not for good: and all the men of Judah that are in the land of Egypt shall be consumed by the sword and by the famine, until there be an end of them.Jeremiah 13:24Therefore will I scatter them as the stubble that passeth away by the wind of the wilderness.
Historical Context
The Babylonian exile scattered Judeans across the Neo-Babylonian Empire. Some fled to Egypt (Jeremiah 43-44); others were resettled throughout Mesopotamia. The promise of continuing sword fulfills Deuteronomy 28:64-67's curse of dispersion with fear and trembling. Historical records show that Jewish communities in Babylon and Egypt faced various persecutions over subsequent centuries, though some also prospered.
Questions for Reflection
- How does exile among unknown nations represent complete disorientation from the covenant blessings of land and community?
- What does the pursuing sword teach about the impossibility of escaping divine judgment through geographical relocation?
Related Resources
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Analysis & Commentary
This verse describes scattering judgment: 'I will scatter them also among the heathen, whom neither they nor their fathers have known.' The Hebrew patsats (פָּצַץ, scatter, disperse) with goyim (גּוֹיִם, nations) describes exile among foreign peoples. 'Whom neither they nor their fathers have known' emphasizes the foreignness, alienation, and disorientation of exile—not just distant but completely unknown territory. 'And I will send a sword after them, till I have consumed them' indicates that exile itself wasn't the complete judgment—persecution, warfare, and death would pursue them even in dispersion. The 'sword' (cherev) follows them; there is no escape.