James 1:10

Authorized King James Version

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But the rich, in that he is made low: because as the flower of the grass he shall pass away.

Original Language Analysis

G3588
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 1 of 12
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
δὲ But G1161
δὲ But
Strong's: G1161
Word #: 2 of 12
but, and, etc
πλούσιος the rich G4145
πλούσιος the rich
Strong's: G4145
Word #: 3 of 12
wealthy; figuratively, abounding with
ἐν in G1722
ἐν in
Strong's: G1722
Word #: 4 of 12
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
τῇ G3588
τῇ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 5 of 12
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
ταπεινώσει is made low G5014
ταπεινώσει is made low
Strong's: G5014
Word #: 6 of 12
depression (in rank or feeling)
αὐτοῦ G846
αὐτοῦ
Strong's: G846
Word #: 7 of 12
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
ὅτι because G3754
ὅτι because
Strong's: G3754
Word #: 8 of 12
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
ὡς as G5613
ὡς as
Strong's: G5613
Word #: 9 of 12
which how, i.e., in that manner (very variously used, as follows)
ἄνθος the flower G438
ἄνθος the flower
Strong's: G438
Word #: 10 of 12
a blossom
χόρτου of the grass G5528
χόρτου of the grass
Strong's: G5528
Word #: 11 of 12
a "court" or "garden", i.e., (by implication, of pasture) herbage or vegetation
παρελεύσεται he shall pass away G3928
παρελεύσεται he shall pass away
Strong's: G3928
Word #: 12 of 12
to come near or aside, i.e., to approach (arrive), go by (or away), (figuratively) perish or neglect, (causative) avert

Analysis & Commentary

But the rich, in that he is made low: because as the flower of the grass he shall pass away. The rich believer is likewise to boast in being "made low" (tapeinōsis, ταπείνωσις), for temporal wealth is ephemeral like grass. James invokes Isaiah 40 to show that riches wither under the burning heat (kausōn, καύσων). The imagery reinforces Jesus' warning that worldly treasures decay; only treasures in heaven endure.

By pairing verses 9 and 10, James levels status distinctions in the church. Reformed theology affirms that justification eliminates boasting in worldly assets; the cross humbles the rich and lifts the poor. The wealthy are called to glory in their humiliation because in Christ they become servants, stewards rather than owners.

Historical Context

Some members of James's audience were relatively wealthy merchants or landowners who had embraced Christ. In a first-century honor culture, their social capital tempted them to expect preferential treatment. James, writing from Jerusalem with apostolic authority, reminds them that persecution could strip wealth overnight, as happened during famines and political upheavals.

His teaching dovetails with Paul's admonitions in 1 Timothy 6 for the rich to be humble and generous. The diaspora situation—where fortunes were uncertain—made James's warning urgent.

Questions for Reflection

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