Isaiah 50:1

Authorized King James Version

Thus saith the LORD, Where is the bill of your mother's divorcement, whom I have put away? or which of my creditors is it to whom I have sold you? Behold, for your iniquities have ye sold yourselves, and for your transgressions is your mother put away.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
כֹּ֣ה׀
properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now
#2
אָמַ֣ר
Thus saith
to say (used with great latitude)
#3
יְהוָ֗ה
the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#4
אֵ֣י
where? hence how?
#5
זֶ֠ה
the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that
#6
סֵ֣פֶר
Where is the bill
properly, writing (the art or a document); by implication, a book
#7
כְּרִית֤וּת
divorcement
a cutting (of the matrimonial bond), i.e., divorce
#8
אִמְּכֶֽם׃
is your mother
a mother (as the bond of the family); in a wide sense (both literally and figuratively [like father])
#9
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#10
שֻׁלְּחָ֥ה
put away
to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
#11
א֚וֹ
desire (and so probably in proverbs 31:4); hence (by way of alternative) or, also if
#12
מִ֣י
who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix
#13
מִנּוֹשַׁ֔י
or which of my creditors
to lend or (by reciprocity) borrow on security or interest
#14
אֲשֶׁר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#15
נִמְכַּרְתֶּ֔ם
have ye sold
to sell, literally (as merchandise, a daughter in marriage, into slavery), or figuratively (to surrender)
#16
אֶתְכֶ֖ם
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#17
ל֑וֹ
H0
#18
הֵ֤ן
lo!; also (as expressing surprise) if
#19
בַּעֲוֹנֹֽתֵיכֶם֙
you Behold for your iniquities
perversity, i.e., (moral) evil
#20
נִמְכַּרְתֶּ֔ם
have ye sold
to sell, literally (as merchandise, a daughter in marriage, into slavery), or figuratively (to surrender)
#21
וּבְפִשְׁעֵיכֶ֖ם
yourselves and for your transgressions
a revolt (national, moral or religious)
#22
שֻׁלְּחָ֥ה
put away
to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
#23
אִמְּכֶֽם׃
is your mother
a mother (as the bond of the family); in a wide sense (both literally and figuratively [like father])

Analysis

Within the broader context of Isaiah, this passage highlights salvation through rhetorical questioning that engages the reader. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by introducing key themes that will be developed throughout Isaiah.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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