Isaiah 2:9

Authorized King James Version

PDF

And the mean man boweth down, and the great man humbleth himself: therefore forgive them not.

Original Language Analysis

וַיִּשַּׁ֥ח boweth down H7817
וַיִּשַּׁ֥ח boweth down
Strong's: H7817
Word #: 1 of 7
to sink or depress (reflexive or causative)
אָדָ֖ם And the mean man H120
אָדָ֖ם And the mean man
Strong's: H120
Word #: 2 of 7
ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
וַיִּשְׁפַּל humbleth H8213
וַיִּשְׁפַּל humbleth
Strong's: H8213
Word #: 3 of 7
to depress or sink (especially figuratively, to humiliate, intransitive or transitive)
אִ֑ישׁ and the great man H376
אִ֑ישׁ and the great man
Strong's: H376
Word #: 4 of 7
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
וְאַל H408
וְאַל
Strong's: H408
Word #: 5 of 7
not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing
תִּשָּׂ֖א himself therefore forgive H5375
תִּשָּׂ֖א himself therefore forgive
Strong's: H5375
Word #: 6 of 7
to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
לָהֶֽם׃ H0
לָהֶֽם׃
Strong's: H0
Word #: 7 of 7

Analysis & Commentary

The dual action—'boweth down' and 'humbleth himself'—describes self-abasement before idols, inverting proper worship where humans stand upright before God through Christ's mediation. The plea 'forgive them not' (absent in some manuscripts) seems harsh but reflects covenantal judgment: persistent impenitence forfeits mercy. This anticipates Jesus' teaching that blasphemy against the Spirit—persistent rejection of conviction—remains unforgivable (Matthew 12:31-32). God's forgiveness, while freely offered, requires repentant reception; those who refuse to bow to God will remain bowing to idols.

Historical Context

Isaiah's era witnessed both royal apostasy (Ahaz) and reform (Hezekiah), demonstrating mixed response to prophetic call. Those persisting in idolatry despite warning faced covenant curses.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People