Hosea 4:9

Authorized King James Version

And there shall be, like people, like priest: and I will punish them for their ways, and reward them their doings.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְהָיָ֥ה
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#2
כָעָ֖ם
And there shall be like people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#3
כַּכֹּהֵ֑ן
like priest
literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)
#4
וּפָקַדְתִּ֤י
and I will punish
to visit (with friendly or hostile intent); by analogy, to oversee, muster, charge, care for, miss, deposit, etc
#5
עָלָיו֙
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#6
דְּרָכָ֔יו
them for their ways
a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb
#7
וּמַעֲלָלָ֖יו
them their doings
an act (good or bad)
#8
אָשִׁ֥יב
and reward
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
#9
לֽוֹ׃
H0

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing covenant community contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection