Because thou hast spoiled many nations, all the remnant of the people shall spoil thee; because of men's blood, and for the violence of the land, of the city, and of all that dwell therein.
Because thou hast spoiled many nations, all the remnant of the people shall spoil thee; because of men's blood, and for the violence of the land, of the city, and of all that dwell therein. God states the principle of proportional justice: Because thou hast spoiled (כִּי־אַתָּה שַׁלּוֹתָ/ki-attah shallota)—you have plundered. The verb שָׁלַל (shalal) means to strip, rob, despoil completely. All the remnant of the people shall spoil thee (יְשָׁלּוּךָ כָּל־יֶתֶר עַמִּים/yeshallukha kol-yeter ammim)—survivors of the nations you conquered will plunder you in return.
The charges are specific: men's blood (מִדְּמֵי אָדָם/middemei adam)—human bloodshed, the countless victims of imperial conquest. Violence of the land (חֲמַס־אֶרֶץ/chamas-eretz)—violent destruction of territories. Of the city (קִרְיָה/qiryah)—cities destroyed. And of all that dwell therein (וְכָל־יֹשְׁבֵי בָהּ/vekhol-yoshvei vah)—all inhabitants. This comprehensive indictment covers the totality of Babylon's violence: murder, territorial devastation, urban destruction, and genocide. God keeps account of all innocent blood spilled (Genesis 4:10), and He will require it (Genesis 9:5-6). The principle is foundational to biblical justice: those who shed blood will have their blood shed (Matthew 7:2, Revelation 13:10).
Historical Context
Babylon's conquests resulted in massive bloodshed. The siege of Jerusalem alone resulted in widespread death from starvation, disease, and warfare (Lamentations, 2 Kings 25). Tyre was besieged for 13 years. Egypt was invaded and plundered. Archaeological evidence shows widespread destruction across the ancient Near East during Babylon's campaigns. When Persia conquered Babylon, poetic justice occurred—former victims became the new rulers. Cyrus's decree allowing exiles to return (2 Chronicles 36:22-23, Ezra 1:1-4) represented reversal: those displaced by Babylon were restored, and Babylon's treasures funded temple reconstruction. History vindicated God's prophetic word.
Questions for Reflection
How does God's accounting of innocent blood challenge nations and individuals who pursue success through violence or exploitation?
What does this passage teach about corporate responsibility—can nations be held accountable for bloodshed even generations later?
How should awareness of God's justice affect how believers think about war, violence, and social justice issues today?
Analysis & Commentary
Because thou hast spoiled many nations, all the remnant of the people shall spoil thee; because of men's blood, and for the violence of the land, of the city, and of all that dwell therein. God states the principle of proportional justice: Because thou hast spoiled (כִּי־אַתָּה שַׁלּוֹתָ/ki-attah shallota)—you have plundered. The verb שָׁלַל (shalal) means to strip, rob, despoil completely. All the remnant of the people shall spoil thee (יְשָׁלּוּךָ כָּל־יֶתֶר עַמִּים/yeshallukha kol-yeter ammim)—survivors of the nations you conquered will plunder you in return.
The charges are specific: men's blood (מִדְּמֵי אָדָם/middemei adam)—human bloodshed, the countless victims of imperial conquest. Violence of the land (חֲמַס־אֶרֶץ/chamas-eretz)—violent destruction of territories. Of the city (קִרְיָה/qiryah)—cities destroyed. And of all that dwell therein (וְכָל־יֹשְׁבֵי בָהּ/vekhol-yoshvei vah)—all inhabitants. This comprehensive indictment covers the totality of Babylon's violence: murder, territorial devastation, urban destruction, and genocide. God keeps account of all innocent blood spilled (Genesis 4:10), and He will require it (Genesis 9:5-6). The principle is foundational to biblical justice: those who shed blood will have their blood shed (Matthew 7:2, Revelation 13:10).