Genesis 43:31

Authorized King James Version

And he washed his face, and went out, and refrained himself, and said, Set on bread.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּרְחַ֥ץ
And he washed
to lave (the whole or a part of a thing)
#2
פָּנָ֖יו
his face
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#3
וַיֵּצֵ֑א
and went out
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
#4
וַיִּ֨תְאַפַּ֔ק
and refrained
to contain, i.e., (reflexive) abstain
#5
וַיֹּ֖אמֶר
himself and said
to say (used with great latitude)
#6
שִׂ֥ימוּ
Set on
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
#7
לָֽחֶם׃
bread
food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)

Analysis

The creation and providence theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

The historical context of the patriarchal period (c. 2000-1500 BCE) and primeval history provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The ancient Near Eastern world with its creation myths, flood narratives, and patriarchal social structures provided the cultural backdrop against which God's revelation stands in stark contrast. The ancient Near Eastern cosmology and patriarchal society would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Ancient Near Eastern creation texts like Enuma Elish provide comparative context for understanding Genesis's unique theological perspective.

Questions for Reflection

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