Genesis 27:40

Authorized King James Version

And by thy sword shalt thou live, and shalt serve thy brother; and it shall come to pass when thou shalt have the dominion, that thou shalt break his yoke from off thy neck.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְעַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#2
חַרְבְּךָ֣
And by thy sword
drought; also a cutting instrument (from its destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or other sharp implement
#3
תִֽחְיֶ֔ה
shalt thou live
to live, whether literally or figuratively; causatively, to revive
#4
וְאֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#5
אָחִ֖יךָ
thy brother
a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like h0001])
#6
תַּֽעֲבֹ֑ד
and shalt serve
to work (in any sense); by implication, to serve, till, (causatively) enslave, etc
#7
וְהָיָה֙
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#8
כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֣ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#9
תָּרִ֔יד
and it shall come to pass when thou shalt have the dominion
to tramp about, i.e., ramble (free or disconsolate)
#10
וּפָֽרַקְתָּ֥
that thou shalt break
to break off or crunch; figuratively, to deliver
#11
עֻלּ֖וֹ
his yoke
a yoke (as imposed on the neck), literally or figuratively
#12
מֵעַ֥ל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#13
צַוָּארֶֽךָ׃
from off thy neck
the back of the neck (as that on which burdens are bound)

Analysis

The creation and providence theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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