Genesis 21:31

Authorized King James Version

Wherefore he called that place Beer-sheba; because there they sware both of them.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#2
כֵּ֗ן
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
#3
קָרָ֛א
Wherefore he called
to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
#4
לַמָּק֥וֹם
that place
properly, a standing, i.e., a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind)
#5
הַה֖וּא
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
#6
בְּאֵ֣ר
H0
#7
שָׁ֑בַע
Beersheba
beer-sheba, a place in palestine
#8
כִּ֛י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#9
שָׁ֥ם
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence
#10
נִשְׁבְּע֖וּ
because there they sware
to seven oneself, i.e., swear (as if by repeating a declaration seven times)
#11
שְׁנֵיהֶֽם׃
both of them
two; also (as ordinal) twofold

Analysis

The creation and providence theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

The historical context of the patriarchal period (c. 2000-1500 BCE) and primeval history provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The ancient Near Eastern world with its creation myths, flood narratives, and patriarchal social structures provided the cultural backdrop against which God's revelation stands in stark contrast. The ancient Near Eastern cosmology and patriarchal society would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Ancient Near Eastern creation texts like Enuma Elish provide comparative context for understanding Genesis's unique theological perspective.

Questions for Reflection

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