Genesis 21:3

Authorized King James Version

And Abraham called the name of his son that was born unto him, whom Sarah bare to him, Isaac.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּקְרָ֨א
called
to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
#2
אַבְרָהָ֜ם
H85
And Abraham
abraham, the later name of abram
#3
אֶֽת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#4
שֶׁם
the name
an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
#5
בְּנ֧וֹ
of his son
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#6
יָֽלְדָה
bare
to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage
#7
ל֛וֹ
H0
#8
אֲשֶׁר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#9
יָֽלְדָה
bare
to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage
#10
לּ֥וֹ
H0
#11
שָׂרָ֖ה
unto him whom Sarah
sarah, abraham's wife
#12
יִצְחָֽק׃
to him Isaac
jitschak (or isaac), son of abraham

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of divine revelation reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the patriarchal period (c. 2000-1500 BCE) and primeval history provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The ancient Near Eastern world with its creation myths, flood narratives, and patriarchal social structures provided the cultural backdrop against which God's revelation stands in stark contrast. The ancient Near Eastern cosmology and patriarchal society would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Ancient Near Eastern creation texts like Enuma Elish provide comparative context for understanding Genesis's unique theological perspective.

Questions for Reflection

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