Genesis 18:26

Authorized King James Version

And the LORD said, If I find in Sodom fifty righteous within the city, then I will spare all the place for their sakes.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר
said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
יְהוָ֔ה
And the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#3
אִם
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
#4
אֶמְצָ֥א
If I find
properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present
#5
בִסְדֹ֛ם
in Sodom
sedom, a place near the dead sea
#6
חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים
fifty
fifty
#7
צַדִּיקִ֖ם
righteous
just
#8
בְּת֣וֹךְ
within
a bisection, i.e., (by implication) the center
#9
הָעִ֑יר
the city
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
#10
וְנָשָׂ֥אתִי
then I will spare
to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
#11
לְכָל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#12
הַמָּק֖וֹם
all the place
properly, a standing, i.e., a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind)
#13
בַּֽעֲבוּרָֽם׃
properly, crossed, i.e., (abstractly) transit; used only adverbially, on account of, in order that

Analysis

Within the broader context of Genesis, this passage highlights creation and providence through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Genesis.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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