Exodus 9:13

Authorized King James Version

And the LORD said unto Moses, Rise up early in the morning, and stand before Pharaoh, and say unto him, Thus saith the LORD God of the Hebrews, Let my people go, that they may serve me.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
אָמַ֤ר
and say
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
יְהוָה֙
And the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#3
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#4
מֹשֶׁ֔ה
unto Moses
mosheh, the israelite lawgiver
#5
הַשְׁכֵּ֣ם
Rise up early
literally, to load up (on the back of man or beast), i.e., to start early in the morning
#6
בַּבֹּ֔קֶר
in the morning
properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning
#7
וְהִתְיַצֵּ֖ב
and stand
to place (any thing so as to stay); reflexively, to station, offer, continue
#8
לִפְנֵ֣י
before
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#9
פַרְעֹ֑ה
Pharaoh
paroh, a general title of egyptian kings
#10
אָמַ֤ר
and say
to say (used with great latitude)
#11
אֵלָ֗יו
near, with or among; often in general, to
#12
כֹּֽה
properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now
#13
אָמַ֤ר
and say
to say (used with great latitude)
#14
יְהוָה֙
And the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#15
אֱלֹהֵ֣י
God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#16
הָֽעִבְרִ֔ים
of the Hebrews
an eberite (i.e., hebrew) or descendant of eber
#17
שַׁלַּ֥ח
go
to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
#18
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#19
עַמִּ֖י
Let my people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#20
וְיַֽעַבְדֻֽנִי׃
that they may serve
to work (in any sense); by implication, to serve, till, (causatively) enslave, etc

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Exodus Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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