Exodus 5:2
And Pharaoh said, Who is the LORD, that I should obey his voice to let Israel go? I know not the LORD, neither will I let Israel go.
Original Language Analysis
מִ֤י
H4310
מִ֤י
Strong's:
H4310
Word #:
3 of 19
who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix
יְהוָ֔ה
Who is the LORD
H3068
יְהוָ֔ה
Who is the LORD
Strong's:
H3068
Word #:
4 of 19
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
H834
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
Strong's:
H834
Word #:
5 of 19
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
אֶשְׁמַ֣ע
that I should obey
H8085
אֶשְׁמַ֣ע
that I should obey
Strong's:
H8085
Word #:
6 of 19
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
אֲשַׁלֵּֽחַ׃
go
H7971
אֲשַׁלֵּֽחַ׃
go
Strong's:
H7971
Word #:
8 of 19
to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
אֶת
H853
אֶת
Strong's:
H853
Word #:
9 of 19
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל
neither will I let Israel
H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל
neither will I let Israel
Strong's:
H3478
Word #:
10 of 19
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
לֹ֤א
H3808
לֹ֤א
Strong's:
H3808
Word #:
11 of 19
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
יָדַ֙עְתִּי֙
I know
H3045
יָדַ֙עְתִּי֙
I know
Strong's:
H3045
Word #:
12 of 19
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
אֶת
H853
אֶת
Strong's:
H853
Word #:
13 of 19
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
יְהוָ֔ה
Who is the LORD
H3068
יְהוָ֔ה
Who is the LORD
Strong's:
H3068
Word #:
14 of 19
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
וְגַ֥ם
H1571
וְגַ֥ם
Strong's:
H1571
Word #:
15 of 19
properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and
אֶת
H853
אֶת
Strong's:
H853
Word #:
16 of 19
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל
neither will I let Israel
H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל
neither will I let Israel
Strong's:
H3478
Word #:
17 of 19
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
Cross References
Exodus 3:19And I am sure that the king of Egypt will not let you go, no, not by a mighty hand.Job 21:15What is the Almighty, that we should serve him? and what profit should we have, if we pray unto him?2 Kings 18:35Who are they among all the gods of the countries, that have delivered their country out of mine hand, that the LORD should deliver Jerusalem out of mine hand?
Historical Context
Egyptian pharaohs claimed divine status as incarnations of Horus and sons of Ra. Pharaoh's question reflects the Egyptian worldview where national gods competed for supremacy. His refusal anticipates the theological confrontation between YHWH and Egypt's pantheon.
Questions for Reflection
- What modern 'gods' compete with YHWH for allegiance in your culture?
- How does Pharaoh's willful ignorance mirror contemporary rejections of God's authority?
Related Resources
Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.
Analysis & Commentary
Pharaoh's response 'Who is the LORD (יְהוָה) that I should obey his voice?' reveals the central conflict: will Egypt's god-king submit to Israel's God? His claim 'I know not the LORD' demonstrates willful ignorance—the plagues will answer this question definitively. This rejection initiates the progressive revelation of God's power.