Exodus 32:8

Authorized King James Version

They have turned aside quickly out of the way which I commanded them: they have made them a molten calf, and have worshipped it, and have sacrificed thereunto, and said, These be thy gods, O Israel, which have brought thee up out of the land of Egypt.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
סָ֣רוּ
They have turned
to turn off (literally or figuratively)
#2
מַהֵ֗ר
aside quickly
properly, hurrying; hence (adverbially) in a hurry
#3
מִן
properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
#4
הַדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙
out of the way
a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb
#5
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#6
צִוִּיתִ֔ם
which I commanded
(intensively) to constitute, enjoin
#7
עָשׂ֣וּ
them they have made
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
#8
לָהֶ֔ם
H0
#9
עֵ֖גֶל
calf
a (male) calf (as frisking round), especially one nearly grown (i.e., a steer)
#10
מַסֵּכָ֑ה
them a molten
properly, a pouring over, i.e., fusion of metal (especially a cast image); by implication, a libation, i.e., league; concretely a coverlet (as if pour
#11
וַיִּשְׁתַּֽחֲווּ
and have worshipped
to depress, i.e., prostrate (especially reflexive, in homage to royalty or god)
#12
לוֹ֙
H0
#13
וַיִּזְבְּחוּ
it and have sacrificed
to slaughter an animal (usually in sacrifice)
#14
ל֔וֹ
H0
#15
וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ
thereunto and said
to say (used with great latitude)
#16
אֵ֤לֶּה
these or those
#17
אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙
These be thy gods
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#18
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל
O Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#19
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#20
הֶֽעֱל֖וּךָ
which have brought thee up
to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
#21
מֵאֶ֥רֶץ
out of the land
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#22
מִצְרָֽיִם׃
of Egypt
mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt

Analysis

Within the broader context of Exodus, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Exodus.

Historical Context

The historical context of the period of Egyptian bondage and wilderness wandering (c. 1440-1400 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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