Exodus 22:12
And if it be stolen from him, he shall make restitution unto the owner thereof.
Original Language Analysis
וְאִם
H518
וְאִם
Strong's:
H518
Word #:
1 of 6
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
יִגָּנֵ֖ב
And if it be stolen
H1589
יִגָּנֵ֖ב
And if it be stolen
Strong's:
H1589
Word #:
2 of 6
to thieve (literally or figuratively); by implication, to deceive
יִגָּנֵ֖ב
And if it be stolen
H1589
יִגָּנֵ֖ב
And if it be stolen
Strong's:
H1589
Word #:
3 of 6
to thieve (literally or figuratively); by implication, to deceive
מֵֽעִמּ֑וֹ
H5973
מֵֽעִמּ֑וֹ
Strong's:
H5973
Word #:
4 of 6
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
Historical Context
These civil regulations distinguished Israel from surrounding nations, creating a society reflecting God's justice. The laws balance individual rights with community welfare, property rights with compassion for the poor.
Questions for Reflection
- How does this law reveal God's character—His justice, mercy, or holiness?
- What New Testament principles build upon or fulfill this Old Testament regulation?
Related Resources
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Analysis & Commentary
And if it be stolen from him, he shall make restitution unto the owner thereof.
This ordinance reveals God's comprehensive justice—regulating economic transactions, property rights, and social relationships. The mishpatim create framework for covenant community to flourish. Each law applies broader principles: love God supremely, love neighbor practically. Modern believers aren't bound by ceremonial laws but should pursue their spirit—justice, mercy, and faithfulness (Matthew 23:23). God's character revealed in law guides Christian ethics.