Exodus 22:12

Authorized King James Version

And if it be stolen from him, he shall make restitution unto the owner thereof.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְאִם
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
#2
יִגָּנֵ֖ב
And if it be stolen
to thieve (literally or figuratively); by implication, to deceive
#3
יִגָּנֵ֖ב
And if it be stolen
to thieve (literally or figuratively); by implication, to deceive
#4
מֵֽעִמּ֑וֹ
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
#5
יְשַׁלֵּ֖ם
from him he shall make restitution
to be safe (in mind, body or estate); figuratively, to be (causatively, make) completed; by implication, to be friendly; by extension, to reciprocate
#6
לִבְעָלָֽיו׃
unto the owner
a master; hence, a husband, or (figuratively) owner (often used with another noun in modifications of this latter sense)

Analysis

Within the broader context of Exodus, this passage highlights salvation through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Exodus.

Historical Context

The historical context of the period of Egyptian bondage and wilderness wandering (c. 1440-1400 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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