Exodus 22:13

Authorized King James Version

If it be torn in pieces, then let him bring it for witness, and he shall not make good that which was torn.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
אִם
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
#2
יִטָּרֵ֖ף
If it be torn in pieces
to pluck off or pull to pieces; causatively to supply with food (as in morsels)
#3
יִטָּרֵ֖ף
If it be torn in pieces
to pluck off or pull to pieces; causatively to supply with food (as in morsels)
#4
יְבִאֵ֣הוּ
then let him bring
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
#5
עֵ֑ד
it for witness
concretely, a witness; abstractly, testimony; specifically, a recorder, i.e., prince
#6
הַטְּרֵפָ֖ה
that which was torn
prey, i.e., flocks devoured by animals
#7
לֹ֥א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#8
יְשַׁלֵּֽם׃
and he shall not make good
to be safe (in mind, body or estate); figuratively, to be (causatively, make) completed; by implication, to be friendly; by extension, to reciprocate

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Exodus Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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