Exodus 12:39

Authorized King James Version

And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought forth out of Egypt, for it was not leavened; because they were thrust out of Egypt, and could not tarry, neither had they prepared for themselves any victual.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֹּאפ֨וּ
H644
And they baked
to cook, especially to bake
#2
אֶת
H853
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#3
הַבָּצֵ֜ק
H1217
of the dough
dough (as swelling by fermentation)
#4
אֲשֶׁ֨ר
H834
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#5
הוֹצִ֧יאוּ
H3318
which they brought forth
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
#6
מִמִּצְרַ֗יִם
H4714
of Egypt
mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt
#7
עֻגֹ֥ת
H5692
cakes
an ashcake (as round)
#8
מַצּ֖וֹת
H4682
unleavened
properly, sweetness; concretely, sweet (i.e., not soured or bittered with yeast); specifically, an unfermented cake or loaf, or (elliptically) the fes
#9
כִּ֣י
H3588
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#10
לֹ֣א
H3808
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#11
חָמֵ֑ץ
H2556
for it was not leavened
to be pungent; i.e., in taste (sour, i.e., literally fermented, or figuratively, harsh), in color (dazzling)
#12
כִּֽי
H3588
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#13
גֹרְשׁ֣וּ
H1644
because they were thrust out
to drive out from a possession; especially to expatriate or divorce
#14
מִמִּצְרַ֗יִם
H4714
of Egypt
mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt
#15
וְלֹ֤א
H3808
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#16
יָֽכְלוּ֙
H3201
and could
to be able, literally (can, could) or morally (may, might)
#17
לְהִתְמַהְמֵ֔הַּ
H4102
not tarry
properly, to question or hesitate, i.e., (by implication) to be reluctant
#18
וְגַם
H1571
properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and
#19
צֵדָ֖ה
H6720
for themselves any victual
food
#20
לֹֽא
H3808
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#21
עָשׂ֥וּ
H6213
neither had they prepared
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
#22
לָהֶֽם׃
H0

Analysis

Within the broader context of Exodus, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Exodus.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Exodus Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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