Exodus 12:38

Authorized King James Version

And a mixed multitude went up also with them; and flocks, and herds, even very much cattle.

Word-by-Word Analysis

וְגַם

H1571

properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and

עֵ֥רֶב

H6154

And a mixed

the web (or transverse threads of cloth); also a mixture, (or mongrel race)

רַ֖ב

H7227

multitude

abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)

עָלָ֣ה

H5927

went up

to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative

אִתָּ֑ם

H854

properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc

וְצֹ֣אן

H6629

also with them and flocks

a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats); also figuratively (of men)

וּבָקָ֔ר

H1241

and herds

a beeve or an animal of the ox family of either gender (as used for plowing); collectively, a herd

מִקְנֶ֖ה

H4735

cattle

something bought, i.e., property, but only live stock; abstractly, acquisition

כָּבֵ֥ד

H3515

much

heavy; figuratively in a good sense (numerous) or in a bad sense (severe, difficult, stupid)

#10

מְאֹֽד׃

H3966

even very

properly, vehemence, i.e., (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication, wholly, speedily, etc. (often with other words as an intensive or

Analysis

Within the broader context of Exodus, this passage highlights salvation through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Exodus.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

In what ways does understanding divine revelation in its original context challenge or deepen contemporary Christian thinking about salvation?
How does this verse's literary context within Exodus chapter 12 illuminate its theological significance, and what does this teach us about biblical interpretation?
How might the original audience's understanding of divine revelation differ from modern interpretations, and what bridges can be built between ancient meaning and contemporary application?

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