Exodus 10:13

Authorized King James Version

And Moses stretched forth his rod over the land of Egypt, and the LORD brought an east wind upon the land all that day, and all that night; and when it was morning, the east wind brought the locusts.

Word-by-Word Analysis

וַיֵּ֨ט

H5186

stretched forth

to stretch or spread out; by implication, to bend away (including moral deflection); used in a great variety of application (as follows)

מֹשֶׁ֣ה

H4872

And Moses

mosheh, the israelite lawgiver

אֶת

H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

מַטֵּהוּ֮

H4294

his rod

a branch (as extending); figuratively, a tribe; also a rod, whether for chastising (figuratively, correction), ruling (a sceptre), throwing (a lance),

עַל

H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

בָּאָ֔רֶץ

H776

over the land

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

מִצְרַיִם֒

H4714

of Egypt

mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt

וַֽיהוָ֗ה

H3068

and the LORD

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

נִהַ֤ג

H5090

brought

to drive forth (a person, an animal or chariot), also (from the panting induced by effort), to sigh

#10

וְר֙וּחַ֙

H7307

wind

wind; by resemblance breath, i.e., a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the

#11

הַקָּדִ֔ים

H6921

an east

the fore or front part; hence (by orientation) the east (often adverbially, eastward, for brevity the east wind)

#12

בָּאָ֔רֶץ

H776

over the land

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

#13

כָּל

H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

#14

הַיּ֥וֹם

H3117

all that day

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso

#15

הַה֖וּא

H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

#16

וְכָל

H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

#17

הַלָּ֑יְלָה

H3915

and all that night

properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e., night; figuratively, adversity

#18

הַבֹּ֣קֶר

H1242

and when it was morning

properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning

#19

הָיָ֔ה

H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

#20

וְר֙וּחַ֙

H7307

wind

wind; by resemblance breath, i.e., a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the

#21

הַקָּדִ֔ים

H6921

an east

the fore or front part; hence (by orientation) the east (often adverbially, eastward, for brevity the east wind)

#22

נָשָׂ֖א

H5375

brought

to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative

#23

אֶת

H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

#24

הָֽאַרְבֶּֽה׃

H697

the locusts

a locust (from its rapid increase)

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Exodus. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the period of Egyptian bondage and wilderness wandering (c. 1440-1400 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

What systematic theological implications arise from this verse's treatment of salvation, and how does it contribute to a biblical theology of soteriology and the doctrine of salvation?
How might the original audience's understanding of divine sovereignty differ from modern interpretations, and what bridges can be built between ancient meaning and contemporary application?
In what ways does understanding divine sovereignty in its original context challenge or deepen contemporary Christian thinking about salvation?

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