Esther 9:22

Authorized King James Version

As the days wherein the Jews rested from their enemies, and the month which was turned unto them from sorrow to joy, and from mourning into a good day: that they should make them days of feasting and joy, and of sending portions one to another, and gifts to the poor.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
יְמֵי֙
As the days
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
#2
אֲשֶׁר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#3
נָ֨חוּ
rested
to rest, i.e., settle down; used in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, intransitive, transitive and causative (to dwell, stay, l
#4
בָהֶ֤ם
H0
#5
הַיְּהוּדִים֙
wherein the Jews
a jehudite (i.e., judaite or jew), or descendant of jehudah (i.e., judah)
#6
מֵא֣וֹיְבֵיהֶ֔ם
from their enemies
hating; an adversary
#7
וְהַחֹ֗דֶשׁ
and the month
the new moon; by implication, a month
#8
אֲשֶׁר֩
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#9
נֶהְפַּ֨ךְ
which was turned
to turn about or over; by implication, to change, overturn, return, pervert
#10
לָהֶ֤ם
they (only used when emphatic)
#11
מִיָּגוֹן֙
unto them from sorrow
affliction
#12
וְשִׂמְחָ֔ה
and joy
blithesomeness or glee, (religious or festival)
#13
וּמֵאֵ֖בֶל
H60
and from mourning
lamentation
#14
יְמֵי֙
As the days
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
#15
ט֑וֹב
into a good
good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good
#16
לַֽעֲשׂ֣וֹת
that they should make
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
#17
אוֹתָ֗ם
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#18
יְמֵי֙
As the days
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
#19
מִשְׁתֶּ֣ה
of feasting
drink, by implication, drinking (the act); also (by implication) a banquet or (generally) feast
#20
וְשִׂמְחָ֔ה
and joy
blithesomeness or glee, (religious or festival)
#21
וּמִשְׁל֤וֹחַ
and of sending
a sending out, i.e., (abstractly) presentation (favorable), or seizure (unfavorable); also (concretely) a place of dismissal, or a business to be disc
#22
מָנוֹת֙
portions
properly, something weighed out, i.e., (generally) a division; specifically (of food) a ration; also a lot
#23
אִ֣ישׁ
one
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#24
לְרֵעֵ֔הוּ
to another
an associate (more or less close)
#25
וּמַתָּנ֖וֹת
and gifts
a present; specifically (in a good sense), a sacrificial offering, (in a bad sense) a bribe
#26
לָֽאֶבְיוֹנִֽים׃
H34
to the poor
destitute

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Esther Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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