Ecclesiastes 12:5

Authorized King James Version

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Also when they shall be afraid of that which is high, and fears shall be in the way, and the almond tree shall flourish, and the grasshopper shall be a burden, and desire shall fail: because man goeth to his long home, and the mourners go about the streets:

Original Language Analysis

גַּ֣ם H1571
גַּ֣ם
Strong's: H1571
Word #: 1 of 20
properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and
מִגָּבֹ֤הַּ of that which is high H1364
מִגָּבֹ֤הַּ of that which is high
Strong's: H1364
Word #: 2 of 20
elevated (or elated), powerful, arrogant
יִרָ֙אוּ֙ Also when they shall be afraid H3372
יִרָ֙אוּ֙ Also when they shall be afraid
Strong's: H3372
Word #: 3 of 20
to fear; morally to revere; causatively to frighten
וְחַתְחַתִּ֣ים and fears H2849
וְחַתְחַתִּ֣ים and fears
Strong's: H2849
Word #: 4 of 20
terror
בַּדֶּ֔רֶךְ shall be in the way H1870
בַּדֶּ֔רֶךְ shall be in the way
Strong's: H1870
Word #: 5 of 20
a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb
וְיָנֵ֤אץ shall flourish H5006
וְיָנֵ֤אץ shall flourish
Strong's: H5006
Word #: 6 of 20
to scorn; or (in ecclesiastes 12:5), by interchange for h5132, to bloom
הַשָּׁקֵד֙ and the almond tree H8247
הַשָּׁקֵד֙ and the almond tree
Strong's: H8247
Word #: 7 of 20
the almond (tree or nut; as being the earliest in bloom)
וְיִסְתַּבֵּ֣ל shall be a burden H5445
וְיִסְתַּבֵּ֣ל shall be a burden
Strong's: H5445
Word #: 8 of 20
to carry (literally or figuratively), or (reflexively) be burdensome; specifically, to be gravid
הֶֽחָגָ֔ב and the grasshopper H2284
הֶֽחָגָ֔ב and the grasshopper
Strong's: H2284
Word #: 9 of 20
a locust
וְתָפֵ֖ר shall fail H6565
וְתָפֵ֖ר shall fail
Strong's: H6565
Word #: 10 of 20
to break up (usually figuratively), i.e., to violate, frustrate
הָֽאֲבִיּוֹנָ֑ה and desire H35
הָֽאֲבִיּוֹנָ֑ה and desire
Strong's: H35
Word #: 11 of 20
provocative of desire; the caper berry (from its stimulative taste)
כִּֽי H3588
כִּֽי
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 12 of 20
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
הֹלֵ֤ךְ goeth H1980
הֹלֵ֤ךְ goeth
Strong's: H1980
Word #: 13 of 20
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
הָאָדָם֙ because man H120
הָאָדָם֙ because man
Strong's: H120
Word #: 14 of 20
ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 15 of 20
near, with or among; often in general, to
בֵּ֣ית home H1004
בֵּ֣ית home
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 16 of 20
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
עוֹלָמ֔וֹ to his long H5769
עוֹלָמ֔וֹ to his long
Strong's: H5769
Word #: 17 of 20
properly, concealed, i.e., the vanishing point; generally, time out of mind (past or future), i.e., (practically) eternity; frequentatively, adverbial
וְסָבְב֥וּ go about H5437
וְסָבְב֥וּ go about
Strong's: H5437
Word #: 18 of 20
to revolve, surround, or border; used in various applications, literally and figuratively
בַשּׁ֖וּק the streets H7784
בַשּׁ֖וּק the streets
Strong's: H7784
Word #: 19 of 20
a street (as run over)
הַסּוֹפְדִֽים׃ and the mourners H5594
הַסּוֹפְדִֽים׃ and the mourners
Strong's: H5594
Word #: 20 of 20
properly, to tear the hair and beat the breasts (as middle easterners do in grief); generally to lament; by implication, to wail

Analysis & Commentary

Also when they shall be afraid of that which is high—the elderly develop fear of heights and uneven ground due to balance issues and fragility. Fears shall be in the way—simple walking becomes anxiety-producing due to fall risk. The almond tree shall flourish—this likely refers to white hair (almond blossoms are white), a sign of advanced age. The grasshopper shall be a burden—even lightweight insects feel heavy; the smallest exertion becomes exhausting. Desire shall fail—the Hebrew aviyonah (אֲבִיּוֹנָה, desire/appetite) indicates loss of appetite, sexual desire, and general zest for life. Because man goeth to his long home, and the mourners go about the streets—the 'long home' (בֵּית עוֹלָמוֹ) is death's permanent dwelling. Professional mourners already circulate, anticipating the funeral.

This verse brings the aging allegory near its conclusion with vivid imagery: fear, white hair, weakness, loss of desire, approaching death. The cumulative effect is sobering yet purposeful—remember the Creator before these days arrive (v. 1). The phrase 'long home' acknowledges death's permanence from earthly perspective, yet Christian hope transforms it: believers' true 'home' is with Christ (2 Corinthians 5:8; Philippians 1:23), and death is not the end but transition to eternal life.

Historical Context

Ancient Israel practiced professional mourning—hired women who wailed and lamented at funerals (Jeremiah 9:17-18; Amos 5:16). The 'mourners in the streets' vividly depicted approaching death's public recognition. The almond tree imagery was particularly apt in Israel where almond blossoms appeared early each spring, their white flowers resembling aged hair. The progression described—from trembling hands (v. 3) through failing capacities (v. 4) to imminent death (v. 5)—traced aging's full trajectory. Pre-modern medicine meant these declines were irreversible and often rapid. The passage's realism prepared readers for mortality while urging present faithfulness. Church fathers emphasized using earthly life well before entering eternity's 'long home.'

Questions for Reflection

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